CAJ | 학술논문

山东是国共内战期间双方争夺的重点地区和主战场之一,在内战进程的胜负演进中,起到了至关重要的作用。内战期间山东战场的战争进程,既有一般性,也有特殊性,充分体现了国共双方统帅部的战略运思高度和前线将领的领悟执行能力。与中共始终坚持不移的战略相比较,国民党经历了战略的变化过程。而国民党军战术的机械教条,又与中共部队的灵活主动形成对比。再就战场指导而言,中共强调放手让前线将领发挥主观能动性,国民党蒋介石则对战场干预过多过密,指导往往脱离战场实际,指挥层次太过重叠。因此,就山东战场国共军队的表现而言,中共成功地做到了示形于外而决胜于中,国民党则形虽示而胜未决,这样的格局和结果亦体现在国共内战的总体进程中。
산동시국공내전기간쌍방쟁탈적중점지구화주전장지일,재내전진정적성부연진중,기도료지관중요적작용。내전기간산동전장적전쟁진정,기유일반성,야유특수성,충분체현료국공쌍방통수부적전략운사고도화전선장령적령오집행능력。여중공시종견지불이적전략상비교,국민당경력료전략적변화과정。이국민당군전술적궤계교조,우여중공부대적령활주동형성대비。재취전장지도이언,중공강조방수양전선장령발휘주관능동성,국민당장개석칙대전장간예과다과밀,지도왕왕탈리전장실제,지휘층차태과중첩。인차,취산동전장국공군대적표현이언,중공성공지주도료시형우외이결성우중,국민당칙형수시이성미결,저양적격국화결과역체현재국공내전적총체진정중。
Shandong was one of the key regions and main battlegrounds both KMT and CPC hoped to control, and this battlefield played a vital role in the process of the Civil War. The course of the war on this battlefield displayed particularity as well as generality, and fully reflected both sides＇ strategic thinking of the commander departments and also the insight and executive capacity of military ogicers on the front. While CPC＇ s strategy remained consistent, KMT＇ s strategy went through changes. Besides, the tactics the KMT army employed was mechanical and dogmatic, while that for the CPC troops was more flexible and active. As for battlefield guidance, CPC leaders emphasized subjective initiative for officers on the front, while KMT＇ s commander department imposed frequent intervention on battlefield officers. As was manifested in the different performance of KMT and CPC troops at Shandong Battlefield, war intention and war situation influenced battlefield confrontations, and finally influenced the war result.