CAJ | 학술논문

为了探讨排球前、后排扣球2种不同起跳方向的助跑急停跳，起跳期下肢动作运动生物力学特征的差异，为该专项技术动作的诊断、指导及肌肉力量训练提供参考，以10名男子排球运动员为受试者，用6台JVC9800光学摄影机与2块JP6060测力台同步获取资料。以视讯软件进行资料处理，并以动力学逆过程算得下肢内在动力学参数。利用SPSS统计软件进行相关数理统计。结果显示：在运动学方面，相较于前排扣球，后排扣球具有较短的起跳动作时间及较大的并步距离；在动力学方面，相较于前排扣球，后排扣球的先行脚具有较大的最大踝关节伸肌力矩与离心功率、最大髋关节伸肌离心及向心功率；后排扣球的跟随脚具有较大的最大踝关节伸肌力矩、最大踝关节伸肌离心功率、最大膝关节与髋关节伸肌向心功率；排球前、后排扣球两脚跳跃技术，起跳阶段有不同的技术需求，若后排扣球要获得较大的前冲效益，排球运动员除了采用较大的并步距离外，还需加强其两脚踝关节伸肌群与先行脚髋关节伸肌群的爆发力，以实现快速制动，且还需有较大的两脚髋关节伸肌群与跟随脚膝关节伸肌群的爆发力，以实现快速蹬伸，以此缩短触地时间，减少水平速度的损失。
위료탐토배구전、후배구구2충불동기도방향적조포급정도，기도기하지동작운동생물역학특정적차이，위해전항기술동작적진단、지도급기육역량훈련제공삼고，이10명남자배구운동원위수시자，용6태JVC9800광학섭영궤여2괴JP6060측력태동보획취자료。이시신연건진행자료처리，병이동역학역과정산득하지내재동역학삼수。이용SPSS통계연건진행상관수리통계。결과현시：재운동학방면，상교우전배구구，후배구구구유교단적기도동작시간급교대적병보거리；재동역학방면，상교우전배구구，후배구구적선행각구유교대적최대과관절신기력구여리심공솔、최대관관절신기리심급향심공솔；후배구구적근수각구유교대적최대과관절신기력구、최대과관절신기리심공솔、최대슬관절여관관절신기향심공솔；배구전、후배구구량각도약기술，기도계단유불동적기술수구，약후배구구요획득교대적전충효익，배구운동원제료채용교대적병보거리외，환수가강기량각과관절신기군여선행각관관절신기군적폭발력，이실현쾌속제동，차환수유교대적량각관관절신기군여근수각슬관절신기군적폭발력，이실현쾌속등신，이차축단촉지시간，감소수평속도적손실。
This paper aims to investigate the volleyball lower extremity biomechanics characteristics differ ences between the run-up sudden stop and the take off stage during the two directions of the front and the back attack so that it can provide the reference for the special technology action guidance, diagnosis and muscle strength training in these skills. Datas are synchronized to obtain using six JVC9800 cameras and two JP6060 test force platform with ten men volleyball players as the subieets. An inverse dynamic process is used to calculate the kinetically parameters for the lower extremity by using the Shi-Xun analysis software. The related statistics are evaluate by using the SPSS statistical software. The result shows that in the aspect of kinematics, the time of the back attack is shorter at the takeoff action time and large distance way compared to the front attack. In the aspect of dynamics, the feet first has a larger maximum ankle extensor moment and centrifugal power, maximum hip extensor centrifugal and centripetal power compared to the front attack; the foot back drop follow has a larger maximum ankle extensor moment, maximum ankle extensor centrifugal power,maximum knee and hip extensor centripetal power. It has the different technical requirements between different take off stage for the volleyball front and the back iumping attack technology. If the back attack wants to get larger forward benefit, volleyball players not only need to strengthen its two ankle joint extensor group and hip extensor group in the first foot in order to realize rapid braking but also use big way, and they also need to have bigger feet hip extensor group and follow the foot knee extensor group of explosive force to achieve rapid stretching and shorten the time of touching the ground,decrease the loss of horizontal velocity.