CAJ | 학술논문

文章介绍了国际贸易中的同质和差异产品分类及其在国际贸易实证研究中的作用。Rauch（1999）按产品价格的公开程度将900多种SITC4位数产品分为三类：在有组织的商品交易所交易的同质产品、价格定期在某个专业贸易出版物上发布的产品和差异化产品。第一类产品所在市场接近于完全竞争,第三类接近于垄断竞争,第二类介于中间。三种产品的差异被广泛用于解决实证研究中的变量不可量度难题。文章用两个例子详细说明了Rauch分类的用处,一个是国际贸易中信息壁垒和贸易成本问题,一个是国内契约制度和比较优势问题。
문장개소료국제무역중적동질화차이산품분류급기재국제무역실증연구중적작용。Rauch（1999）안산품개격적공개정도장900다충SITC4위수산품분위삼류：재유조직적상품교역소교역적동질산품、개격정기재모개전업무역출판물상발포적산품화차이화산품。제일류산품소재시장접근우완전경쟁,제삼류접근우롱단경쟁,제이류개우중간。삼충산품적차이피엄범용우해결실증연구중적변량불가량도난제。문장용량개례자상세설명료Rauch분류적용처,일개시국제무역중신식벽루화무역성본문제,일개시국내계약제도화비교우세문제。
This paper introduces Rauch＇s classification of homogeneous and differentiated products in international trade and its application in empirical researches. Rauch （1999） classified more than 900 SITC 4-digit goods into three categories： homogeneous goods as products traded on organized exchanges, reference priced goods as those not traded on organized exchanges but possessing benchmark prices, and differentiated goods as those neither traded on organized exchanges nor possessing benchmark prices. The market of homogeneous goods is nearly in perfect competition, the market of differentiated goods is nearly in monopolistic competition, and the market of reference priced goods is in between. This classification is widely utilized to deal with the problem of unobservability in empirical researches as firm behaviors in different markets vary greatly. The paper illustrates how to use this classification with two examples： information barriers in international trade and domestic institution and comparative advantage.