CAJ | 학술논문

占有不是财产犯罪的法益。一方面,占有不是普遍存在于所有财产犯罪中的概念。财产的范围包括物和利益,而占有对象只能是有体物而不能是利益。另一方面,占有也不是盗窃罪的法益。占有仅仅是一个在理论上构建出来的隐性构成要件要素,将其缺乏根据地提升为法益,并以此判断盗窃罪成立与否的做法,混淆了构成要件要素与法益,用实质性的法益思考替代了构成要件检验。破坏占有本身并不必然具有违法性,因而占有不可能成为一个独立的保护对象。关于＂被害人＂的刑法规定以及关于＂家庭成员或者近亲属＂的司法解释,只适用于财物所有人而不适用于占有人。承认占有是法益会与刑法对所有权人的保护出现冲突。在司法实践中,窃取他人占有的本人财物不构成盗窃罪,能够得到判例传统的支持。
점유불시재산범죄적법익。일방면,점유불시보편존재우소유재산범죄중적개념。재산적범위포괄물화이익,이점유대상지능시유체물이불능시이익。령일방면,점유야불시도절죄적법익。점유부부시일개재이론상구건출래적은성구성요건요소,장기결핍근거지제승위법익,병이차판단도절죄성립여부적주법,혼효료구성요건요소여법익,용실질성적법익사고체대료구성요건검험。파배점유본신병불필연구유위법성,인이점유불가능성위일개독립적보호대상。관우＂피해인＂적형법규정이급관우＂가정성원혹자근친속＂적사법해석,지괄용우재물소유인이불괄용우점유인。승인점유시법익회여형법대소유권인적보호출현충돌。재사법실천중,절취타인점유적본인재물불구성도절죄,능구득도판례전통적지지。
Possession is not a legal interest of property crimes. On one hand, possession is not a concept commonly iound in all the property crimes. Range of property includes objects and interests, and the content of possession can only be objects instead of interests. On the other hand, possession is not the legal interest of theft, either. Possession is only a hid- den element developed from theories. Recognizing possession as a legal interest without basis is actually confused the ele- ments of crimes and legal interests, which also means replacing elements examination with substantial consideration of legal interests. Depriving possession itself is not necessarily illicit, and therefore possession cannot be a separate protected ob- ject. Provision of Criminal Law on the victim and judicial interpretation on family members or close relatives apply only to the property owner instead of the person in possession. Admitting possession is a legal interest conflicting with criminal law protection of property owners. In judicial practice, there is traditional jurisprudence supporting that the original owner steal- ing the object from the person in possession of it does not constitute a theft.