CAJ | 학술논문

在产品内国际分工背景下,价值增值成为衡量分工利益和分工地位的最重要标准,而增值程度的高低取决于一国在分工中承担的环节。基于WIOD数据库提供的国际投入产出表,利用增加值贸易核算方法,可以重新评估中国制造业出口的规模和结构,并对中国在全球价值链上的国际竞争力水平和分工地位进行分析。研究表明,国际垂直专业化分工夸大了中国制造业的出口规模,高估了出口结构的高技术特征。中国在全球价值链分工中主要承担低端的生产加工环节,只有在低技术行业占据国际分工的主导地位,在中高和高技术制造业不具备国际竞争力,和价值链上下游国家相比,国内创造的价值和从分工中的获益较少。
재산품내국제분공배경하,개치증치성위형량분공이익화분공지위적최중요표준,이증치정도적고저취결우일국재분공중승담적배절。기우WIOD수거고제공적국제투입산출표,이용증가치무역핵산방법,가이중신평고중국제조업출구적규모화결구,병대중국재전구개치련상적국제경쟁력수평화분공지위진행분석。연구표명,국제수직전업화분공과대료중국제조업적출구규모,고고료출구결구적고기술특정。중국재전구개치련분공중주요승담저단적생산가공배절,지유재저기술행업점거국제분공적주도지위,재중고화고기술제조업불구비국제경쟁력,화개치련상하유국가상비,국내창조적개치화종분공중적획익교소。
Against the background of intra-product international specialization, added value has become the most important standard for measuring international specialization status, and the amount of added value is determined by the job a specific country may have in the international specialization. Based on value-added trade method and world input- output tables, this paper revalues the export scale and composition of Chinese manufacturing, and studies its competitive- ness and status in global value chains. International vertical specialization exaggerates the export scale and overrates high-tech feature of the export composition of Chinese manufacturing. China mainly takes the processing and assem- bling segments in international specialization, and occupies the dominant position only in low-tech industries. It is still lack of competitiveness in middle-high and high-tech manufacturing, in which domestically-created value and specializa- tion benefit are low in compare with upstream and downstream countries in the value chain.