CAJ | 학술논문

在经济发展的工业化阶段,第三产业行业多、范围广、就业容量大的特点决定了其在就业结构中的重要地位。文章以我国2004—2012年第三产业14个子行业的面板数据为基础,尝试探究了影响我国第三产业就业创造的相关因素。通过一系列计量检验和数量分析,研究发现：（1）在短期内,劳动报酬占国民收入比例、行业平均工资水平和国有资本的比例对第三产业的就业创造产生显著影响;（2）在长期内,需求因素、技能劳动力比例、金融深化等对第三产业就业创造具有正向促进作用,而第三产业的市场结构、行业平均工资水平、技术进步率作用为负。因此,全面深入推进收入分配体制改革、加快完善市场机制建设和加大对职业教育的投入是提高第三产业就业创造的有效政策。
재경제발전적공업화계단,제삼산업행업다、범위엄、취업용량대적특점결정료기재취업결구중적중요지위。문장이아국2004—2012년제삼산업14개자행업적면판수거위기출,상시탐구료영향아국제삼산업취업창조적상관인소。통과일계렬계량검험화수량분석,연구발현：（1）재단기내,노동보수점국민수입비례、행업평균공자수평화국유자본적비례대제삼산업적취업창조산생현저영향;（2）재장기내,수구인소、기능노동력비례、금융심화등대제삼산업취업창조구유정향촉진작용,이제삼산업적시장결구、행업평균공자수평、기술진보솔작용위부。인차,전면심입추진수입분배체제개혁、가쾌완선시장궤제건설화가대대직업교육적투입시제고제삼산업취업창조적유효정책。
In industrialized period of economic development, with the characteristics of the wide range of sub - sectors and the large employment capacity, the tertiary industry plays an important role in the country＇s em- ployment structure. Using the panel data of China＇s 14 sub- sectors of the tertiary industry for the period 2004 - 2012, we try to analyze the factors affecting the employment creation of the tertiary industry. With a series of regressions, our estimation shows that：（ 1 ） In the short term, the labor compensation share of national income, the average wage and the proportion of state - owned capital affect the employment creation of the tertiary industry dramatically; （2） In the long term, factors like the total demand, the ratio of skilled labor and finan- cial deepening have a significant positive effect on the the employment creation of the tertiary industry, but the effect from market structure, the average wage and technology advanced will be negative, rIlaerefore, improv ing the level of the employment creation by reforming the income system, perfecting market mechanism and strengthening the skill training should be the direction to further improving the level of employment creation.