晋阳学刊
晉暘學刊
진양학간
Academic Journal of Jinyang
2015年
3期
103~109
,共null页
公正 伦理话语 话语框架 话语体系 政治诠释学
公正 倫理話語 話語框架 話語體繫 政治詮釋學
공정 윤리화어 화어광가 화어체계 정치전석학
Justice;Ethic-discourse;Discourse structure;Discourse system;Political hermeneutics
人类的公正思想源远流长又恒久弥新。在公正思想滥觞中,形成和产生了不同的公正理论,而在各种公正理论的发展、争论与交互影响的过程中,公正的话语框架也逐渐显现并确立成型。以亚里士多德、康德、罗尔斯等典型的公正话语框架为例,可以发现伦理话语框架在公正的话语体系中居于核心地位,而其本质即共同的话语基础则是＂应得正义观＂。通过考察＂应得正义观＂及建构其上的伦理话语框架,其原始假设＂世界基本上是公正的＂值得商榷。事实上,并不存在一个特定或相似的公正的共同话语框架——伦理话语框架。要理解公正的话语框架,应该跳出伦理话语框架思考公正概念、公正理论与公正话语的内在关系,这需要一种基于且服从于理解的解释思维——政治诠释学。在理解公正的过程中,政治诠释学所建构的话语框架的思维形式、解释路径和反思逻辑,能有效反思公正的伦理话语框架,进而以政治诠释学的话语框架批判并超越理解公正的伦理话语框架的可能局限,以期解放对公正的理解。
人類的公正思想源遠流長又恆久瀰新。在公正思想濫觴中,形成和產生瞭不同的公正理論,而在各種公正理論的髮展、爭論與交互影響的過程中,公正的話語框架也逐漸顯現併確立成型。以亞裏士多德、康德、囉爾斯等典型的公正話語框架為例,可以髮現倫理話語框架在公正的話語體繫中居于覈心地位,而其本質即共同的話語基礎則是＂應得正義觀＂。通過攷察＂應得正義觀＂及建構其上的倫理話語框架,其原始假設＂世界基本上是公正的＂值得商榷。事實上,併不存在一箇特定或相似的公正的共同話語框架——倫理話語框架。要理解公正的話語框架,應該跳齣倫理話語框架思攷公正概唸、公正理論與公正話語的內在關繫,這需要一種基于且服從于理解的解釋思維——政治詮釋學。在理解公正的過程中,政治詮釋學所建構的話語框架的思維形式、解釋路徑和反思邏輯,能有效反思公正的倫理話語框架,進而以政治詮釋學的話語框架批判併超越理解公正的倫理話語框架的可能跼限,以期解放對公正的理解。
인류적공정사상원원류장우항구미신。재공정사상람상중,형성화산생료불동적공정이론,이재각충공정이론적발전、쟁론여교호영향적과정중,공정적화어광가야축점현현병학립성형。이아리사다덕、강덕、라이사등전형적공정화어광가위례,가이발현윤리화어광가재공정적화어체계중거우핵심지위,이기본질즉공동적화어기출칙시＂응득정의관＂。통과고찰＂응득정의관＂급건구기상적윤리화어광가,기원시가설＂세계기본상시공정적＂치득상각。사실상,병불존재일개특정혹상사적공정적공동화어광가——윤리화어광가。요리해공정적화어광가,응해도출윤리화어광가사고공정개념、공정이론여공정화어적내재관계,저수요일충기우차복종우리해적해석사유——정치전석학。재리해공정적과정중,정치전석학소건구적화어광가적사유형식、해석로경화반사라집,능유효반사공정적윤리화어광가,진이이정치전석학적화어광가비판병초월리해공정적윤리화어광가적가능국한,이기해방대공정적리해。
Justice is the first virtue of social institutions. Although it is the most important concept in political philosophy, it is also one of the most contested concepts in theoretical and practical horizon. As justice theorists like Aristotle, Kant, Rawls said, justice is not only a social-political value, but also a discourse structure constructed by ethic-discourse system, which presupposed that the world like ours should be a just society and justice is the absolutist line taken for justifying what and how people due to gain, fiat justicia ruat caelum. But justice is a basic concept of vital importance and merits our comprehensive understanding. The concept is a systematically contested one that is tossed about rhetorically from many hermeneutics structures, which could imply the other discourse structures for a profound understanding of justice. So, I have tried to show the faults of ethic-discourse structure in order to find a new understanding structure of concept of justice, which will be named political hermeneutics. In the process of understanding concept of justice, political hermeneutics will bring about, comparing with ethic-discourse structure, the neo-understanding mind, the comprehensive agenda of explaining and the self-examination of the structure itself. In this new discourse system, I have tried to be impartial and fair in assessing various theories in different disciplines but nevertheless my own conclusions are often clearly stated.
