戏剧艺术
戲劇藝術
희극예술
Theatre Arts
2015年
3期
70~77
,共null页
神庙剧场 戏台称谓 “礼乐”文化 “雅俗”变化
神廟劇場 戲檯稱謂 “禮樂”文化 “雅俗”變化
신묘극장 희태칭위 “례악”문화 “아속”변화
temple theater; the naming of the stage; the Li and Yue culture; the interconversion of＂the refinement and the vulgarity＂
中国神庙剧场的发展历经了宋金元、明、清几个时期，期间不断走向完备。每个历史时期的戏台形制、特点以及称谓不一而同。前两者学界已不乏讨论，然而关于神庙戏台称谓这一命题的研究，尚未见专门论述。对神庙戏台称谓进行“统计”研究，可以清晰勾勒出不同时期神庙戏台称谓之变化及其背后反映的文化现象，尤其明确“礼乐”文化对神庙剧场的深刻影响以及由称谓“雅俗”变化带来的戏曲观念的改变。神庙戏台称谓不仅体现着戏曲艺术发展的演变轨迹，亦是当时整个社会思潮的缩影。
中國神廟劇場的髮展歷經瞭宋金元、明、清幾箇時期，期間不斷走嚮完備。每箇歷史時期的戲檯形製、特點以及稱謂不一而同。前兩者學界已不乏討論，然而關于神廟戲檯稱謂這一命題的研究，尚未見專門論述。對神廟戲檯稱謂進行“統計”研究，可以清晰勾勒齣不同時期神廟戲檯稱謂之變化及其揹後反映的文化現象，尤其明確“禮樂”文化對神廟劇場的深刻影響以及由稱謂“雅俗”變化帶來的戲麯觀唸的改變。神廟戲檯稱謂不僅體現著戲麯藝術髮展的縯變軌跡，亦是噹時整箇社會思潮的縮影。
중국신묘극장적발전력경료송금원、명、청궤개시기，기간불단주향완비。매개역사시기적희태형제、특점이급칭위불일이동。전량자학계이불핍토론，연이관우신묘희태칭위저일명제적연구，상미견전문논술。대신묘희태칭위진행“통계”연구，가이청석구륵출불동시기신묘희태칭위지변화급기배후반영적문화현상，우기명학“례악”문화대신묘극장적심각영향이급유칭위“아속”변화대래적희곡관념적개변。신묘희태칭위불부체현착희곡예술발전적연변궤적，역시당시정개사회사조적축영。
The ancient temple theater in China had developed through Song-Jin-Yuan Dynasties, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty to reach its maturity. The shapes, features and the naming of the stages varied in different periods. There are quite some researches on the shapes and features of the stages, but few on the naming of them. Statistic data reveal the change in the naming of the temple stages in different historical periods and the underlying cultural phenomena, especially the profound influence of the Li and Yue （the cultivation with rites and music） culture on the temple stages and the change in dramatic notions that came along with the interconversion of the ＂refinement and the vulgarity＂ in the naming of the stages. The naming of the temple stages not only demonstrates the trace of evolution of the dramatic arts, but also reflects the ideological trends of the contemporary societies.
