CAJ | 학술논문

外显和内隐的面孔审美加工的脑成像研究表明,美的面孔比不美的面孔导致眶额皮层、伏隔核、杏仁核等奖赏脑区更大的激活。脑电研究则发现了与面孔审美加工有关的早期负波和晚期正成分。面孔审美加工有关的脑区活动也受到性别、生理周期等个体因素的调节。未来的研究需要比较美的面孔与其它奖赏刺激加工的神经机制,探讨面孔审美加工的不同阶段及时间进程,在面孔知觉的框架下形成合理的面孔审美加工的神经模型。
외현화내은적면공심미가공적뇌성상연구표명,미적면공비불미적면공도치광액피층、복격핵、행인핵등장상뇌구경대적격활。뇌전연구칙발현료여면공심미가공유관적조기부파화만기정성분。면공심미가공유관적뇌구활동야수도성별、생리주기등개체인소적조절。미래적연구수요비교미적면공여기타장상자격가공적신경궤제,탐토면공심미가공적불동계단급시간진정,재면공지각적광가하형성합리적면공심미가공적신경모형。
Physical attractiveness is an important characteristic in human social interactions. The experimental literature found that physically attractive people were perceived as more sociable, dominant, sexually warm, mentally healthy, intelligent, and socially skilled than physically unattractive people. Recently, some researchers have begun to explore the neural basis of facial beauty with the help of brain imaging techniques. The existing studies explored the neural basis of facial beauty in two ways. One was to compare the brain activity of different aesthetic judgment tasks, the other was to compare the brain activity of attractive faces with nonattractive faces. Neuroimaging studies found several brain areas to be differentially responsive to attractive as opposed to nonattractive faces. The studies of explicit aesthetic judgment of faces have found that attractive faces produced the activation of many brain regions, such as medial orbit-frontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, anterior cingulate cortex. When subjects judged facial beauty implicitly, neural activity in a widely distributed network involving the orbito-frontal cortex, nucleus accumbens and ventral occipital cortices correlated with the degree of facial attractiveness. The event-related potential studies suggested that attractive faces elicited an early posterior negativity （EPN） and a late positive potential （LPP）. The ERN is related to the facilitated selection of emotional information. The LPC might reflect task-related evaluative processes. There are individual variations in facial beauty assessments. Some factors may influence the disagreement, such as gender, physiological cycle, and emotional state. There were some shortcomings with those studies, such as inconsistent judgment methods of facial beauty, and inadequacy of ecological validity. Several domains could be pursued profitably in the studies of the neural substrate underlying facial beauty appreciation. Firstly, how the physical and social information of face are integrated to produce a global impression？ Secondly, the neural mechanism of facial beauty is identical or different from other rewards （e.g., food, drug）？ Thirdly, facial beauty judgment may consist of many different processes; the different components of facial beauty judgment should be further analyzed. Fourthly, the time course of aesthetic processing of facial beauty should be further studied. Lastly, as the perception of facial beauty is one process of face perception, we should construct a sound neural model about the processing of facial beauty in the future.