CAJ | 학술논문

采用重复测验的自信判断范式,检验自我一致性模型。项目一致性与项目共识性的分析表明：被试从大量共享的信念总体中抽取样本进行正误判断,自信判断则基于各个样本信念的一致性,并反映新样本做相同判断的可能性;建立在代表性样本上的判断有更高的一致性或共识性,信念建构的反应时更短且自信更高;项目一致性与项目共识性存在交互关系：高一致性的判断也是高共识性的判断。结果验证了自我一致性模型在中国文化背景下的存在。
채용중복측험적자신판단범식,검험자아일치성모형。항목일치성여항목공식성적분석표명：피시종대량공향적신념총체중추취양본진행정오판단,자신판단칙기우각개양본신념적일치성,병반영신양본주상동판단적가능성;건립재대표성양본상적판단유경고적일치성혹공식성,신념건구적반응시경단차자신경고;항목일치성여항목공식성존재교호관계：고일치성적판단야시고공식성적판단。결과험증료자아일치성모형재중국문화배경하적존재。
The Self-Consistency Model （SCM） was initially proposed for the confidence in two-alternative forced-choice general knowledge questions. Since then, several studies have suggested that the model may also apply to other fields, such as belief and attitude, but more researches were needed for the verification and the complement. The aim of this study was to test the SCM of subjective confidence in Chinese cultural context as it applied to social belief. The experiment was conducted individually on the computer. Forty-four paid undergraduate or postgraduate students （22 females and 22 males from 18 to 24 years old） participated in this study. The task, repeated six times, was divided into two parts. Each part included three blocks, in which the entire set of 60 propositions （Social Axioms Survey） depicting a social belief were presented. Participants pressed the key to decide whether the proposition was ＂True＂ or ＂False＂, and indicated their confidence in their choices with a scale if 0 to 10. Their response latency was measured by a computer. For each participant, the choices were classified as ＂frequent＂ when they were made more than three times, and as ＂rare＂ if they were made less than three times across the six blocks; ＂Item consensus＂ means a proportion of participates choose the majority, consensual response on a particular occasion. We found that, （1） The confidence was inversely related to the response latency （r=-.32, p〈.001）. It could reflect the likelihood that the same choice would be made in the same item （1＂=.94, p〈.05）. So could the choice latency （F=-I.0, p〈.001）. Moreover, males was lower than females in confidence （t=--5.48, p〈.001）, and higher than females in response latency （t=4.62, p〈.001）. （2） The confidence was higher for the frequent responses （6.22） than for the rare responses （5.19）, t=-8.67,p〈.001. In addition, the confidence in the frequent responses tended to increase with item consistency, while the confidence in the rare responses decreased with item consistency. The confidence was higher for the consensual frequent responses （7.35） than for the infrequently consensual responses （6.21）, t=- 11.58, p〈.001. Besides, the confidence in higher consensual responses tended to increase with item consensus, nevertheless lower consensual responses tended to decrease with item consensus. A similar pattern was observed for the response latency. （3） The responses that were consistently chosen by the same person were also more likely to be chosen by others, r=.31, p〈.001. The result showed that a commonly shared population of representation associated with each proposition. Comparing with the cross-person consensus, the within- person consistency was a better diagnostic of the self-consistency. As expected, the within-person consistency and the cross-person consensus analysis showed that the decision to accept or refuse a social belief was based on the sampling of a pool of representations associated with the belief. The confidence depended on the consistency with which the belief was supported across the sampled representations, and reflected the likelihood that a new sample would yield the same decision. The choices that based on the representative samples were associated with relatively higher confidence and took relatively shorter time to form. The choices with high consistency were associated with the high consensus. The results verified the existence of the Self-Consistency Model in Chinese cultural context.