CAJ | 학술논문

对棉花草谷比进行系统考证，科学估算和评价我国棉秆资源量及其各种利用途径的自然适宜性，充分认识我国棉秆资源的开发潜力。通过文献查询法，从大量的研究文献中获取具有价值的15篇研究论文中的102个籽棉草谷比有效样本数据。系统考证我国棉花的草谷比；采用秸秆资源自然适宜性分级法。就棉秆资源在燃料、饲料、肥料、工业原料和食用菌基料利用方面的自然适宜性进行评价；对将用于包括新型能源化利用在内的各种用途的棉秆资源划分为最适宜、次适宜、不适宜等不同级别。研究结果表明。我国棉花草谷比取值5．0为宜。在此基础上计算出2013年中国棉秆资源曩为31495万t，主要分布在西北干旱区的新疆以及黄淮海和长江中下游地区。在自然适宜性评级方面，棉秆最适宜燃用，亦适宜予用作固化、炭化、气化和发电等新能源化利用．而在沼气生产方面则为次适宜级别。在可饲性适宜性方面，粗棉秆部分均不适宜于直接饲喂和加工饲喂，棉花细茎和叶较适宜直接饲喂，适宜加工饲喂。在肥料化利用方面，棉秆经过机械粉碎可直接还圈。此外，棉秆是理想的工业加工原料和食用菌基料。棉秆资源具有多宜性，棉秆资源综合利用应注意合理配置资源、优化棉秆利用结构，将其转化为各种优质的原料资源。
대면화초곡비진행계통고증，과학고산화평개아국면간자원량급기각충이용도경적자연괄의성，충분인식아국면간자원적개발잠력。통과문헌사순법，종대량적연구문헌중획취구유개치적15편연구논문중적102개자면초곡비유효양본수거。계통고증아국면화적초곡비；채용갈간자원자연괄의성분급법。취면간자원재연료、사료、비료、공업원료화식용균기료이용방면적자연괄의성진행평개；대장용우포괄신형능원화이용재내적각충용도적면간자원화분위최괄의、차괄의、불괄의등불동급별。연구결과표명。아국면화초곡비취치5．0위의。재차기출상계산출2013년중국면간자원낭위31495만t，주요분포재서북간한구적신강이급황회해화장강중하유지구。재자연괄의성평급방면，면간최괄의연용，역괄의여용작고화、탄화、기화화발전등신능원화이용．이재소기생산방면칙위차괄의급별。재가사성괄의성방면，조면간부분균불괄의우직접사위화가공사위，면화세경화협교괄의직접사위，괄의가공사위。재비료화이용방면，면간경과궤계분쇄가직접환권。차외，면간시이상적공업가공원료화식용균기료。면간자원구유다의성，면간자원종합이용응주의합리배치자원、우화면간이용결구，장기전화위각충우질적원료자원。
It＇s helpful to us to fully reorganize the development potential of cotton stalk resources utilization in China. The research was undertaken to study straw-grain ratio of cotton and evaluate the volume of cotton stalk resources, and it also stated the suitability of cotton stalk resources for different utilization ways which were used as fuel, feedstuff, fertilizer, industrial raw material, and base material of edible mushrooms. With the method of literature summary, the authors got 102 samples of 15 papers and then determined the straw-grain ratio of cotton. Using the classification method of natural suitability, this paper made classified evaluations of suitability of cotton stalk resources for a given special purpose. The results show that the amount of cotton stalk resources in China is 3. 149 5 ~ 107 t with the straw-grain ratio of cotton of 5.0 in 2013. Most of the cotton stalk resources are distributed in Xinjiang of arid region of northwest China, Huang-Huai-ai region （the area along the Yellow River, Huai River, and Hai River） and lower-middle reaches area of the Yangtze River. Cotton stalk was divided on the basis of different uses, including utilization as new energy source, into three classes as the most suitable, suitable, and not so suitable. Cotton stalk is most suitable for burning and suitable for solidification, carbonization, gasification and electricity generation, while marginally suitable for biogas production. As for feedibility for straw resources, the thick cotton stem is not suitable for direct feeding or feeding after processing, while the tip and leaves of cotton is comparatively suitable for direct feeding and suitable for feeding after processing. Cotton stalk resources can be used for field restoration through direct field restoration which shattered directly and restored in the soil and it is also the perfect material for industrial processing and cultivation of edible mushrooms. The evaluation results indicate that the utilizable quantity of cotton stalk in China is abundant and suitable for many purposes which can bring notable economic and ecological benefits. It＇s necessary to make the comprehensive utilization structure of cotton stalk resources more optimized and reasonable, and turn cotton stalk resources to various kinds of high quality raw material.