西南交通大学学报：社会科学版
西南交通大學學報：社會科學版
서남교통대학학보：사회과학판
Journal of Southwest Jiaotong Universit(Social Science Edition)
2015年
3期
57~61
,共null页
古汉语 《论语》 三归 主文献语境 从文献语境 财源 悖礼 租税
古漢語 《論語》 三歸 主文獻語境 從文獻語境 財源 悖禮 租稅
고한어 《론어》 삼귀 주문헌어경 종문헌어경 재원 패례 조세
ancient Chinese ; Analects of Confucius ; San Gui ; main literary context ; auxiliary literary context; wealth source; behavior against rite; taxation
训释古籍语词，不仅要考虑该语词第一次出现时的主文献语境，更要将随后出现的较为可信的其他从文献语境作为考察对象。对《论语》中“三归”含义的考察也是如此。综合考察《论语》“三归”的主文献语境及其在东汉以前的从文献语境可知，“三归”一词内含财富来源的意思，占有“三归”是悖礼的行为。而对其在从文献语境中的不同说法进行比较归纳后发现，“三归”可以合理训释为：齐大夫在自己采邑内征敛的农、工、商三种租税。
訓釋古籍語詞，不僅要攷慮該語詞第一次齣現時的主文獻語境，更要將隨後齣現的較為可信的其他從文獻語境作為攷察對象。對《論語》中“三歸”含義的攷察也是如此。綜閤攷察《論語》“三歸”的主文獻語境及其在東漢以前的從文獻語境可知，“三歸”一詞內含財富來源的意思，佔有“三歸”是悖禮的行為。而對其在從文獻語境中的不同說法進行比較歸納後髮現，“三歸”可以閤理訓釋為：齊大伕在自己採邑內徵斂的農、工、商三種租稅。
훈석고적어사，불부요고필해어사제일차출현시적주문헌어경，경요장수후출현적교위가신적기타종문헌어경작위고찰대상。대《론어》중“삼귀”함의적고찰야시여차。종합고찰《론어》“삼귀”적주문헌어경급기재동한이전적종문헌어경가지，“삼귀”일사내함재부래원적의사，점유“삼귀”시패례적행위。이대기재종문헌어경중적불동설법진행비교귀납후발현，“삼귀”가이합리훈석위：제대부재자기채읍내정렴적농、공、상삼충조세。
To explain ancient words, we should investigate not only the main literary context in which some words first appeared, but also the auxiliary and credible literary context in which the words surfaced later. So is the explanation of San＇gui in Analects of Confucius. After the comprehensive investigation of the main literary context and the auxiliary ones produced before the East Han Dynasty, we find that San＇gui contains the meaning of the wealth source and taking possession of San＇gui breaches the rite. We also find that San＇gui should be explained as agricultural, handicraft and commercial taxes which were levied by some feudal lords in the State of Qi by analyzing and studying different statements of the auxiliary literature.
