CAJ | 학술논문

人们完成各种空间任务时都表现出了显著的个体差异，空间认知风格可以帮助解释这种差异。空间认知风格分为三种类型：界标型——只能表征显著的视觉特征，不能表征相关空间信息，空间能力最低；路线型——可以表征显著的视觉特征和继时性的空间信息；整体型——能够表征显著的视觉特征、继时性和同时性的空间信息，空间能力最高，且男性和低焦虑感水平的个体更多的属于该类型。根据空间认知风格，更有针对性地指导学习者，将有助于提高人们的空间能力。
인문완성각충공간임무시도표현출료현저적개체차이，공간인지풍격가이방조해석저충차이。공간인지풍격분위삼충류형：계표형——지능표정현저적시각특정，불능표정상관공간신식，공간능력최저；로선형——가이표정현저적시각특정화계시성적공간신식；정체형——능구표정현저적시각특정、계시성화동시성적공간신식，공간능력최고，차남성화저초필감수평적개체경다적속우해류형。근거공간인지풍격，경유침대성지지도학습자，장유조우제고인문적공간능력。
Clear individual difference is found on performance in various spatial tasks, which can be explained by difference on Spatial Cognitive Style. The Spatial Cognitive Style includes three types： the Landmark Style, the Route Style, and the Survey Style. People with the Landmark Style can only represent perceptually salient visual features of objects, but they cannot represent the relevant spatial information of the objects. People with the Route Style can represent not only perceptually salient visual features of the objects, but also the relevant sequential spatial information of the objects. People with the Survey Style can represent perceptually salient visual features and the sequential spatial information of the objects. Besides, they can also represent the relevant simultaneous spatial information of the objects. People with the Survey Style show the best spatial abilities, whereas people with the Landmark Style show the worst. Males and people with low levels of anxiety show more the Survey Style comparing with females and people with high anxiety respectively. Thus, it will help to improve people’s spatial abilities if learners can be instructed considering their Spatial Cognitive Styles.