北京大学学报：哲学社会科学版
北京大學學報：哲學社會科學版
북경대학학보：철학사회과학판
Journal of Peking University(Humanities and Social Sciences)
2015年
3期
174~181
,共null页
浑言则同 析言则异 地有南北 时有古今 严格的反义词
渾言則同 析言則異 地有南北 時有古今 嚴格的反義詞
혼언칙동 석언칙이 지유남북 시유고금 엄격적반의사
The meanings of two words are the same in generality, but different in analysis; different placesand different times, strict antonym
“浑言则同，析言则异”要根据语言的实际运用情况加以分析。有一个限定性义素不相同，可以是近义词，也可能是同义词。同义词形成的一个原因是一些不同地域、不同时代的词义相同的词进入到同一个语言系统中。反义词如果只是词义相反，而在语言运用中不作反义使用，就不是严格的反义词。
“渾言則同，析言則異”要根據語言的實際運用情況加以分析。有一箇限定性義素不相同，可以是近義詞，也可能是同義詞。同義詞形成的一箇原因是一些不同地域、不同時代的詞義相同的詞進入到同一箇語言繫統中。反義詞如果隻是詞義相反，而在語言運用中不作反義使用，就不是嚴格的反義詞。
“혼언칙동，석언칙이”요근거어언적실제운용정황가이분석。유일개한정성의소불상동，가이시근의사，야가능시동의사。동의사형성적일개원인시일사불동지역、불동시대적사의상동적사진입도동일개어언계통중。반의사여과지시사의상반，이재어언운용중불작반의사용，취불시엄격적반의사。
Whether the meanings of two words are the same or different must be examined by the practical use of the language itself. If the restrictive semantic components of two words are different, the two words may be either a near synonym, or a full synonym. One of the reasons why a synonym is formed is the coming of a word with the same meaning from different places or different times into the same language system. If two words have opposite meanings, but are not used as antonyms in the practical use, they are not strict antonyms.
