CAJ | 학술논문

刘文英先生是国内最早研究儒家生态伦理思想的学者之一。他认为儒家生态伦理思想的精华主要蕴涵在＂参赞化育＂这一命题中,并集中进行了两点阐释,其一是人类参赞化育的前提以及人类何以能够参赞化育,其二是人类以何种方式参赞化育。刘文英先生将儒家生态伦理思想概括为＂泛仁论的生态伦理＂,认为儒家主张人类以道德自觉的方式来参赞天地自然万物的化育,在人与自然界之间建立一种具有道德情感的和谐关系,并由此承担起参赞自然万物的生长发育的责任和义务。虽然刘文英先生不同意将儒家的生态伦理思想归结为人类中心论,但在笔者看来,人类中心论也可以有不同的类型和内涵,其所导致的结果是完全相反的,西方传统的人类中心论是以人类的利益为中心,只能导致人类对自然的征服和主宰,而儒家式的人类中心论,则是以人类的道义为中心,其结果是人类对自然万物承担起责任义务和付出道德关怀。刘文英先生所概括的＂泛仁论的生态伦理＂思想,事实上就是另一种类型的人类中心论,我们可以将其称之为＂道义型＂的人类中心论。
류문영선생시국내최조연구유가생태윤리사상적학자지일。타인위유가생태윤리사상적정화주요온함재＂삼찬화육＂저일명제중,병집중진행료량점천석,기일시인류삼찬화육적전제이급인류하이능구삼찬화육,기이시인류이하충방식삼찬화육。류문영선생장유가생태윤리사상개괄위＂범인론적생태윤리＂,인위유가주장인류이도덕자각적방식래삼찬천지자연만물적화육,재인여자연계지간건립일충구유도덕정감적화해관계,병유차승담기삼찬자연만물적생장발육적책임화의무。수연류문영선생불동의장유가적생태윤리사상귀결위인류중심론,단재필자간래,인류중심론야가이유불동적류형화내함,기소도치적결과시완전상반적,서방전통적인류중심론시이인류적이익위중심,지능도치인류대자연적정복화주재,이유가식적인류중심론,칙시이인류적도의위중심,기결과시인류대자연만물승담기책임의무화부출도덕관부。류문영선생소개괄적＂범인론적생태윤리＂사상,사실상취시령일충류형적인류중심론,아문가이장기칭지위＂도의형＂적인류중심론。
One of the earliest scholars studying Confucian ecological ethics in China, Liu Wenying perceives that the essence of Confucian ecological ethics is mainly embodied in ＂consulting and respecting nature for cultivation＂, and Liu further develops a discussion of both the premise and implementation of this concept. Liu argues that Confucian ecological ethics can be summarized as ＂philanthropy oriented ecological ethics＂, which emphasizes that humans should consult and respect nature for cultivation and establish a harmonious relationship between nature and ethical cultivation. Although Liu does not think that Confucian ecological ethics can be simplified as anthropocentrism, anthropocentrism can be interpreted from different perspec- tives. Anthropocentrism from the Western point of view emphasizes humans as the center of the universe, thus leading to the conquest of nature; while Confucian type of anthropocentrism centralizes ethics, and, as a result, humans should take care of nature and implement an ethical role. In a sense, Liu＇ s ＂philanthropy- based ecological ethics＂ is another type of anthropocentrism, which can be called ＂ethics oriented＂ anthropo- centrism.