中国农史
中國農史
중국농사
Agricultural History of China
2015年
3期
101~112
,共null页
南山 老林 流民 生态环境
南山 老林 流民 生態環境
남산 로림 류민 생태배경
Nanshan（南山） ; virgin forest; refugees ; ecological environment
＂南山老林＂指的是生长在秦岭腹地,曾为清代整个秦巴山区分布最广、保存最完好的原生态自然林。在清中叶以来的人口大迁徙过程中,大量流民溢入秦岭南麓林区垦荒种山,尤其是在白莲教起义之后,清廷视南山老林为反叛势力匿迹藏身之渊薮,故对这一地区兵力难及之处的林木大加砍伐,同时招纳散处流民开垦居住。加之清中叶以来社会经济发展对木材的大量需求,更加促使民众深入秦岭腹地,使以往鲜有人迹的林区因为人的生存需要而被更大幅度地开发,由此衍生出了南山综合治理过程中的社会与环境问题。
＂南山老林＂指的是生長在秦嶺腹地,曾為清代整箇秦巴山區分佈最廣、保存最完好的原生態自然林。在清中葉以來的人口大遷徙過程中,大量流民溢入秦嶺南麓林區墾荒種山,尤其是在白蓮教起義之後,清廷視南山老林為反叛勢力匿跡藏身之淵藪,故對這一地區兵力難及之處的林木大加砍伐,同時招納散處流民開墾居住。加之清中葉以來社會經濟髮展對木材的大量需求,更加促使民衆深入秦嶺腹地,使以往鮮有人跡的林區因為人的生存需要而被更大幅度地開髮,由此衍生齣瞭南山綜閤治理過程中的社會與環境問題。
＂남산로림＂지적시생장재진령복지,증위청대정개진파산구분포최엄、보존최완호적원생태자연림。재청중협이래적인구대천사과정중,대량류민일입진령남록림구은황충산,우기시재백련교기의지후,청정시남산로림위반반세력닉적장신지연수,고대저일지구병력난급지처적림목대가감벌,동시초납산처류민개은거주。가지청중협이래사회경제발전대목재적대량수구,경가촉사민음심입진령복지,사이왕선유인적적림구인위인적생존수요이피경대폭도지개발,유차연생출료남산종합치리과정중적사회여배경문제。
＂Nanshan virgin forest＂ was the virgin forest in the hinterland Qinlin mountain ,which also was the most widely distributed and perfectly preserved virgin forest in the whole Qingba mountain area in the Qing dynasty. Since the middle of the Qing dynasty, massive cultivated land in the process of migration, especially after the refugees poured into south Qinlin mountain for White lotus religion uprising, the Qing court saw Nanshan virgin forest as the rebel forces＇ breeding-grounds, so they made a widespread cutting in forest region where their army couldn＇t reach, and enticed scattered refugees to farm. The high demand for wood created by social economic development prompted people rushing into the hinterland of Qinlin mountains, which made the unexplored forest region greatly exploited and caused the social and environmental problems in Nanshan com- prehensive control.
