CAJ | 학술논문

文章基于江汉平原粮食主产区400农户的调查数据，运用DEA-Tobit模型研究了农村劳动力老龄化对种植业生产技术效率及其拐点的影响。结果表明：总体而言，农村劳动力老龄化对农户的综合技术效率与纯技术效率产生了显著的负向影响，对规模效率没有产生显著的影响。而“年轻户”对农户的综合技术效率与纯技术效率产生了显著的正向影响，且对规模效率产生了显著的负向影响；在其他环境变量中，是否接受过农业技术培训对农户种植业生产技术效率产生了不同程度的正向影响；而家庭非农收入的比重、家庭劳动力中60岁及以上劳动力劳动时间的比重、复种指数、是否2012年受过灾害、灌溉水质评价均对农户种植业生产技术效率产生了不同程度的负向影响；随着家庭务农劳动力平均年龄的不断增大，种植业农户层面的生产技术效率水平不断提升，直至平均年龄达到55岁时达到综合技术效率与纯技术效率的最高值，而直至60岁时达到规模效率的最高值，其后都呈现出逐步下降的趋势。
문장기우강한평원양식주산구400농호적조사수거，운용DEA-Tobit모형연구료농촌노동력노령화대충식업생산기술효솔급기괴점적영향。결과표명：총체이언，농촌노동력노령화대농호적종합기술효솔여순기술효솔산생료현저적부향영향，대규모효솔몰유산생현저적영향。이“년경호”대농호적종합기술효솔여순기술효솔산생료현저적정향영향，차대규모효솔산생료현저적부향영향；재기타배경변량중，시부접수과농업기술배훈대농호충식업생산기술효솔산생료불동정도적정향영향；이가정비농수입적비중、가정노동력중60세급이상노동력노동시간적비중、복충지수、시부2012년수과재해、관개수질평개균대농호충식업생산기술효솔산생료불동정도적부향영향；수착가정무농노동력평균년령적불단증대，충식업농호층면적생산기술효솔수평불단제승，직지평균년령체도55세시체도종합기술효솔여순기술효솔적최고치，이직지60세시체도규모효솔적최고치，기후도정현출축보하강적추세。
Based on the survey data of 400 farmers in the main grain producing areas of Jianghan Plain,this paper employs the DEA-Tobit model to study the impact of aging of rural labor force on crop production technical efficiency and its inflection point. The results indicate that：Overall, the aging of rural labor force has a significant negative impact on famers’ both comprehensive and pure technical efficiency, and has no significant impact on scale efficiency. However,“young house？holds” have a significant positive impact on famers’both comprehensive and pure technical efficiency, and a significant negative impact on scale efficiency;Among other environmental variables, whether or not attending agricultural technical training has different degrees of positive impact on famers’crop production technical efficiency,whereas the variables of pro？portion of non-agricultural income in the household,ratio of labor time of labor force aged over 50 in the household,multi？ple-crop index, whether or not suffering from natural disasters in 2012 and evaluation of irrigation water quality have nega？tive impacts on it;With the continuous increase of the average age of the household labor force and the continuous improve？ment of the house-level famers’production technical efficiency,both comprehensive and pure technical efficiency increase until maximum efficiency is reached when the average age is 55,after which efficiency declines,but the scale efficiency in？creases until maximum efficiency is reached when the average age is 60,after which efficiency declines.