CAJ | 학술논문

以24名国家射箭集训队优秀射箭运动员为测试对象,引入脑电非线性分析的研究理论与方法,运用脑波诱导技术探讨国家射箭集训队运动员备战第17届亚运会不同训练阶段中枢机能变化的规律.对24名被试运动员亚运会选拔赛前不同训练阶段的脑电实时测试表明：亚运会选拔赛前的3个训练阶段测试中,冬训中期的顶枕区α频段功率值较冬训开始和亚运会选拔赛前2个训练阶段显著降低（P＜0.05）;冬训中期运动员5-HT水平出现明显的上升趋势,而DA水平则有所下降（P＜0.05）;冬训中期及亚运会选拔赛前阶段,被试运动员脑电非线性参数均出现下降趋势,并且上述2阶段Lempel-Ziv复杂度均显著低于冬训开始阶段（P＜0.05）.对最终参赛的8名运动员脑波诱导训练后脑电测试结果显示：8名参赛运动员综合放松度测试值始终呈上升趋势;脑内DA平均值有所提高,5-HT平均值则出现下降,脑电Lempel-Ziv复杂度平均值上升;8名运动员匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、SAS得分和SCL-90总分在30天的脑波诱导训练后均有不同程度的改善.结果表明：（1）国家射箭集训队在亚运会选拔赛前不同训练阶段中脑电非线性参数的变化与其训练负荷强度及负荷量的变化有关;（2）国家射箭集训队运动员大脑中枢神经递质的变化在亚运会选拔赛前的变化最为明显;（3）脑波诱导训练在改善备战亚运会的8名国家射箭队运动员大脑中枢机能与大脑高级功能方面具有一定效果及可操作性.
이24명국가사전집훈대우수사전운동원위측시대상,인입뇌전비선성분석적연구이론여방법,운용뇌파유도기술탐토국가사전집훈대운동원비전제17계아운회불동훈련계단중추궤능변화적규률.대24명피시운동원아운회선발새전불동훈련계단적뇌전실시측시표명：아운회선발새전적3개훈련계단측시중,동훈중기적정침구α빈단공솔치교동훈개시화아운회선발새전2개훈련계단현저강저（P＜0.05）;동훈중기운동원5-HT수평출현명현적상승추세,이DA수평칙유소하강（P＜0.05）;동훈중기급아운회선발새전계단,피시운동원뇌전비선성삼수균출현하강추세,병차상술2계단Lempel-Ziv복잡도균현저저우동훈개시계단（P＜0.05）.대최종삼새적8명운동원뇌파유도훈련후뇌전측시결과현시：8명삼새운동원종합방송도측시치시종정상승추세;뇌내DA평균치유소제고,5-HT평균치칙출현하강,뇌전Lempel-Ziv복잡도평균치상승;8명운동원필자보수면질량지수、SAS득분화SCL-90총분재30천적뇌파유도훈련후균유불동정도적개선.결과표명：（1）국가사전집훈대재아운회선발새전불동훈련계단중뇌전비선성삼수적변화여기훈련부하강도급부하량적변화유관;（2）국가사전집훈대운동원대뇌중추신경체질적변화재아운회선발새전적변화최위명현;（3）뇌파유도훈련재개선비전아운회적8명국가사전대운동원대뇌중추궤능여대뇌고급공능방면구유일정효과급가조작성.
This study, with the 24 excellent archers of the Chinese archery training team as its subjects, with the nonlinear analysis of the EEG introduced as its research theory and method, was to use the brainwave inductive technology to explore the regular pattern of the change of the central function of the archers of Chinese team training for the 17th Asian Game at different training periods. The real-time EEG test of the 24 archers at different stages of training before the tryout for the 17th Asian Games revealed that： during the three training stages before the tryout, halfway through the winter training period the α wave ban power value at parieto-oceipital areas showed a remarkable decline （P〈0.05） compared with the vale in the beginning of the winter season training and that just before the tryout. During the intermediate stage of the winter training, the 5-HT levels of the archers showed a noticeable tendency to rise, and their DA fell to some extent （P〈0.05）. During the intermediate stage of the winter training and the training stage just before the trial, the nonlinear EGG parameters of these tested archers showed a downward tendency, and the complexity degree of Lempel-Ziv during these two stages was noticeably lower than that showed in the beginning of the winter training （P〈0.05）. The EEG test of the eight archers who finally competed in the 17th Asian Games and who received brainwave in- ductive training showed that： the tested degree of their relaxation showed a steady tendency to go up; their brain DA average rose to some extent, while their 5-HT average fell, and their Lempel-Ziv complexity average rose. After the 30-day brainwave inductive training, the 8 archers all showed varying degrees of improvement in the PSQI, SAA points and the SCL-90 total points. Above mentioned research findings revealed that： 1. The change of the nonlinear EEG pa- rameters of the National Archery Team of China training before the tryout for the 17th Asian Games was linked to the intensity of training and the intensity changes. 2. The change of neurotransmitters in the centrum of the Chinese Training Team was most noticeable before the tryout for the Asian Games. 3. The brainwave inductive training was effective and operable to some degree in improving the centrum functions and higher cerebral functions of the eight Chinese archers training for the 17th Asian Games.