CAJ | 학술논문

财力与事权的不匹配导致了财政垂直不平衡，转移支付成为政府间财政关系的重要内容。文章以税收竞争框架为基础，讨论了在资本自由流动的条件下，不同类型的转移支付对地方政府产生的收支效应。基于中国县级数据的研究发现，大规模的转移支付对地方政府收支行为确实产生了显著影响：支出决策的敏感程度要大于收入决策。对转移支付细分后发现，专项转移支付以及一般性转移支付对地方政府收支决策的影响存在明显差异，前者的支出效应要大于后者；税收返还对地方政府收入和支出行为都存在正向影响。文章为完善省级以下转移支付制度提供了参考。
재력여사권적불필배도치료재정수직불평형，전이지부성위정부간재정관계적중요내용。문장이세수경쟁광가위기출，토론료재자본자유류동적조건하，불동류형적전이지부대지방정부산생적수지효응。기우중국현급수거적연구발현，대규모적전이지부대지방정부수지행위학실산생료현저영향：지출결책적민감정도요대우수입결책。대전이지부세분후발현，전항전이지부이급일반성전이지부대지방정부수지결책적영향존재명현차이，전자적지출효응요대우후자；세수반환대지방정부수입화지출행위도존재정향영향。문장위완선성급이하전이지부제도제공료삼고。
Financial vertical imbalance results from a mismatch between financial power and powers in affairs, and transfer payments have been the key content of financial relationship among governments. Based on tax competition framework, this paper studies the effects of transfer payments on local governments ＇ revenues and expenditures under free capital flow.Based on the county-level data, it arrives at the conclusions as follows： largescale transfer payments actually have the significant effect on local governments＇ revenues and expenditures behavior： the sensitivity of expenditures decisions is stronger than the one of revenues decisions. After the subdivision of transfer payments, special and general transfer payments have obviously different effects on local governments＇revenues and expenditures decisions, namely the expenditures effect of the former is stronger than the one of the latter; tax rebates have positive effects on both local governments＇ revenues and expenditures behavior. It provides reference for the perfection of transfer payments system below provincial level in China.