世界汉语教学
世界漢語教學
세계한어교학
Chinese Teaching in the World
2015年
3期
310~324
,共null页
“当” “在” 时空度 语体语法 句法结构
“噹” “在” 時空度 語體語法 句法結構
“당” “재” 시공도 어체어법 구법결구
dang; zai; spatio-temporal characteristics; register grammar; syntactic structure
本文从＂时空度＂的角度对比分析了＂当＂与＂在＂的语体差异,指出：＂在＂为具时空,＂当现实＂为泛时空,＂当虚构＂为超时空;＂当/在＂二者＂时空度＂的差异源自它们时空性质的不同,＂在＂表达的是绝对时空,＂当＂是引入非在场时空的另一时空;＂在＂和＂当＂时空特征的不同导致了其语体属类的不同：＂在＂属于口语非正式体,＂当现实＂属于书面正式体,＂当虚构＂则倾向于文艺体;最后,无论是时空度还是语体功能均基于特定的句法位置之上。
本文從＂時空度＂的角度對比分析瞭＂噹＂與＂在＂的語體差異,指齣：＂在＂為具時空,＂噹現實＂為汎時空,＂噹虛構＂為超時空;＂噹/在＂二者＂時空度＂的差異源自它們時空性質的不同,＂在＂錶達的是絕對時空,＂噹＂是引入非在場時空的另一時空;＂在＂和＂噹＂時空特徵的不同導緻瞭其語體屬類的不同：＂在＂屬于口語非正式體,＂噹現實＂屬于書麵正式體,＂噹虛構＂則傾嚮于文藝體;最後,無論是時空度還是語體功能均基于特定的句法位置之上。
본문종＂시공도＂적각도대비분석료＂당＂여＂재＂적어체차이,지출：＂재＂위구시공,＂당현실＂위범시공,＂당허구＂위초시공;＂당/재＂이자＂시공도＂적차이원자타문시공성질적불동,＂재＂표체적시절대시공,＂당＂시인입비재장시공적령일시공;＂재＂화＂당＂시공특정적불동도치료기어체속류적불동：＂재＂속우구어비정식체,＂당현실＂속우서면정식체,＂당허구＂칙경향우문예체;최후,무론시시공도환시어체공능균기우특정적구법위치지상。
From the spatio-temporal perspective,this article compares the register differences between dangand zai,and comes up with the following findings.Firstly,zai is spatio-temporally concrete;while dang-realislacks the concrete spatio-temporal characteristics,dang-irrealisbears spatiotemporal-free attributes.Secondly,the difference of dang and zai in spatiotemporal characteristics comes from the nature of themselves,in that zai expresses an absolute time or space,with dangexpressing a non-current time.Thirdly,spatio-temporal differences predetermine the register differences between these two words：zai is typical of informal Chinese,dang-realisof formal written Chinese,and dang-irrealisof literary use.Finally,it is pointed out that both spatio-temporal characteristics and register functions are licensed by specific syntactic positions.
