CAJ | 학술논문

大数据时代的到来使得个人信息可以轻易地在互联网环境中被获取，在方便个人生活和工作的同时，也增加了档案利用中的个人信息安全风险。本文调查了美国、英国、澳大利亚、新西兰以及中国五个国家的国家档案馆网站上档案开放利用的政策和规定，通过比较研究档案馆在档案利用中的个人信息保护依据和措施，发现国外档案馆在处理档案利用中的个人信息保护问题时，主要以隐私法和信息自由法作为法律依据，采取的主要保护措施是档案内容审查与档案封闭期限相结合。然而面对大数据时代对个人信息安全的新挑战，档案馆并未采取新的保护手段，档案利用中的隐私保护技术要求并未得到有效关注。解决档案开放利用与个人信息安全保护的矛盾需要档案馆在法律保障、保护措施制度建设和保护手段技术要求等多个方面采取综合保护措施。
대수거시대적도래사득개인신식가이경역지재호련망배경중피획취，재방편개인생활화공작적동시，야증가료당안이용중적개인신식안전풍험。본문조사료미국、영국、오대리아、신서란이급중국오개국가적국가당안관망참상당안개방이용적정책화규정，통과비교연구당안관재당안이용중적개인신식보호의거화조시，발현국외당안관재처리당안이용중적개인신식보호문제시，주요이은사법화신식자유법작위법률의거，채취적주요보호조시시당안내용심사여당안봉폐기한상결합。연이면대대수거시대대개인신식안전적신도전，당안관병미채취신적보호수단，당안이용중적은사보호기술요구병미득도유효관주。해결당안개방이용여개인신식안전보호적모순수요당안관재법률보장、보호조시제도건설화보호수단기술요구등다개방면채취종합보호조시。
In big data era, personal information can be easily accessed through internet. While facili- tating personal live and work, this also brings risks to personal information security in the utilization of archives. This paper investigates the access policies and regulations of archives on national archive websites of five countries, which includes America, UK, Australia, New Zealand and China. By identifying basis for different personal information protection and their measures in the utilization of archives, the results show that Privacy Act and Freedom of Information Act are the legal basis for dealing with problems of personal information protection in the utilization of archives in foreign countries, the main measures of the above- mentioned archives used are sensitivity review and closure of personal information in archives. However, relevant technological measures of privacy protection and new protection measures have not been taken by archives facing the challenge of big data era. To balance the open access of archives and the secure pro- tection of personal information, archives needs to combined use various measures from legal, institutional, technological and other aspects.