北京体育大学学报
北京體育大學學報
북경체육대학학보
Journal of Beijing University of Physical Education
2015年
6期
82~88
,共null页
太极拳 膝关节力 膝关节力矩 载荷率 仿真比较
太極拳 膝關節力 膝關節力矩 載荷率 倣真比較
태겁권 슬관절력 슬관절력구 재하솔 방진비교
Tai Chi; knee force; torque of knee; load rate; simulation comparison
目的：通过非损伤方式对太极拳、行走、广场舞、慢跑4种典型运动中膝关节胫骨平台的压力、力矩、载荷率进行了仿真计算,比较了太极拳与其他典型动作中膝关节胫骨平台动力学参数的差异。方法：运用ADAMS人体运动仿真软件,通过高速摄像、动作捕捉系统和三维测力台,获取了4种运动形式的数据参数,建立了太极拳、广场舞、慢跑、行走动作中膝关节动力学仿真模型。结果：比较膝关节垂直压力峰值,太极拳与行走、广场舞差别不大,但低于慢跑,且载荷率在4种运动中最小;而摆动腿矢向剪压力峰值在4种运动形式中无差异,但太极拳运动载荷率最低;比较横向关节力峰值,太极拳与广场舞、行走接近但小于慢跑,且太极拳载荷率最小;从屈、伸峰值力矩上看,太极拳低于慢跑、广场舞;但在内收、外展及旋内、旋外峰值力矩上,太极拳运动形式高于行走运动。结论：研究所建立的仿真模型真实性和可靠性较高（R1^2=0.956和R2^2=0.905）,且方法简便;太极拳与行走对膝关节的载荷影响较一致;在额状面内,膝关节内外侧髁在对抗接触负荷上扮演着重要作用;太极拳膝关节力矩在额状面内绕矢状轴内收、外展力矩较其他两面的峰值力矩大;在矢状面内,太极拳峰值力矩最小,慢跑运动膝关节力矩峰值最大。这反映出太极拳运动在矢状面引起运动损伤的可能性较小,也有助于解释报道中其他运动矢状面内损伤发生率一般都高于额状面和水平面的原因。
目的：通過非損傷方式對太極拳、行走、廣場舞、慢跑4種典型運動中膝關節脛骨平檯的壓力、力矩、載荷率進行瞭倣真計算,比較瞭太極拳與其他典型動作中膝關節脛骨平檯動力學參數的差異。方法：運用ADAMS人體運動倣真軟件,通過高速攝像、動作捕捉繫統和三維測力檯,穫取瞭4種運動形式的數據參數,建立瞭太極拳、廣場舞、慢跑、行走動作中膝關節動力學倣真模型。結果：比較膝關節垂直壓力峰值,太極拳與行走、廣場舞差彆不大,但低于慢跑,且載荷率在4種運動中最小;而襬動腿矢嚮剪壓力峰值在4種運動形式中無差異,但太極拳運動載荷率最低;比較橫嚮關節力峰值,太極拳與廣場舞、行走接近但小于慢跑,且太極拳載荷率最小;從屈、伸峰值力矩上看,太極拳低于慢跑、廣場舞;但在內收、外展及鏇內、鏇外峰值力矩上,太極拳運動形式高于行走運動。結論：研究所建立的倣真模型真實性和可靠性較高（R1^2=0.956和R2^2=0.905）,且方法簡便;太極拳與行走對膝關節的載荷影響較一緻;在額狀麵內,膝關節內外側髁在對抗接觸負荷上扮縯著重要作用;太極拳膝關節力矩在額狀麵內繞矢狀軸內收、外展力矩較其他兩麵的峰值力矩大;在矢狀麵內,太極拳峰值力矩最小,慢跑運動膝關節力矩峰值最大。這反映齣太極拳運動在矢狀麵引起運動損傷的可能性較小,也有助于解釋報道中其他運動矢狀麵內損傷髮生率一般都高于額狀麵和水平麵的原因。
목적：통과비손상방식대태겁권、행주、엄장무、만포4충전형운동중슬관절경골평태적압력、력구、재하솔진행료방진계산,비교료태겁권여기타전형동작중슬관절경골평태동역학삼수적차이。방법：운용ADAMS인체운동방진연건,통과고속섭상、동작포착계통화삼유측력태,획취료4충운동형식적수거삼수,건립료태겁권、엄장무、만포、행주동작중슬관절동역학방진모형。결과：비교슬관절수직압력봉치,태겁권여행주、엄장무차별불대,단저우만포,차재하솔재4충운동중최소;이파동퇴시향전압력봉치재4충운동형식중무차이,단태겁권운동재하솔최저;비교횡향관절력봉치,태겁권여엄장무、행주접근단소우만포,차태겁권재하솔최소;종굴、신봉치력구상간,태겁권저우만포、엄장무;단재내수、외전급선내、선외봉치력구상,태겁권운동형식고우행주운동。결론：연구소건립적방진모형진실성화가고성교고（R1^2=0.956화R2^2=0.905）,차방법간편;태겁권여행주대슬관절적재하영향교일치;재액상면내,슬관절내외측과재대항접촉부하상분연착중요작용;태겁권슬관절력구재액상면내요시상축내수、외전력구교기타량면적봉치력구대;재시상면내,태겁권봉치력구최소,만포운동슬관절력구봉치최대。저반영출태겁권운동재시상면인기운동손상적가능성교소,야유조우해석보도중기타운동시상면내손상발생솔일반도고우액상면화수평면적원인。
Objective： This study did simulation calculation of knee tibial plateau＇s pressure,torque and load rate in Tai Chi,walking,square dance and jogging by noninvasive method,and analyzed differences of knee＇s kinetic parameters between Tai Chi and other three kinds of exercise. Methods： ADAMS human motion simulation software,high-speed camera,motion capture system and three-dimension force platform were used to collect data of four kinds of exercise,and the simulation models of human body of Tai Chi,square dance,jogging and walking were established. Results： There are no differences of knee vertical peak pressure and horizontal peak pressure among Tai Chi,walking and square dance,but theirs are lower than jogging＇s,and Tai Chi has the smallest load rate in four kinds of exercise. There are no differences of shear peak pressure in vertical plane of swing leg among four kinds of exercise and Tai Chi has the smallest load rate. Peak flexion and extension torques of Tai Chi are lower than those of jogging and square dance,peak adduction,abduction,internal rotation and external rotation torques in Tai Chi are higher than those in other three kinds of exercise. Conclusions： The established simulation model is simple and has high authenticity and reliability（ R1^2= 0. 956,R2^2= 0. 905）. The effects of Tai Chi and walking on knee load rate are similar. In frontal plane,knee medial and lateral condyle play important roles in resisting contacted load. The peak adduction and abduction torques of Tai Chi are higher than other peak torques. In vertical plane,peak knee torque is minimum in Tai Chi but is maximum in jogging,which indicates that the vertical plane injury reduced by Tai Chi is rare,the injury rate in vertical plane of other three kinds of exercise is higher than in frontal plane and horizontal plane.
