CAJ | 학술논문

2013年,美国制定了新的K-12体育课程国家标准,此标准是引领美国体育教育发展的纲要型文件,为美国中小学体育课程的实施提供了详实而明确的计划,代表了当今体育课程的发展趋向。采用文献资料法,从美国新版标准的制订入手,探析该标准的基本架构、关键变化和特征。研究指出,新版标准的制订基于学生课堂中所学的技能和知识,确保标准可评价,新版标准的目标是养育具备体育素养的个体,为实现这一目标,年级水平结果指标表现为一种渐进的顺序,与2004年的标准相比,新版标准在术语使用、标准数量、年级水平和指标编码等方面出现了新的变化,新版标准的特征表现为强调个体的体育素养养育、重视运动技能能力的培养、体现体育课程标准的整体建构、注重刻意练习任务的创建和促进掌握氛围的创设。了解这些变化特征,有助于我们科学地了解国际体育课程的发展动态,拓展对体育课程标准认识的视野,为我国体育课程标准的完善和实施提供借鉴。
2013년,미국제정료신적K-12체육과정국가표준,차표준시인령미국체육교육발전적강요형문건,위미국중소학체육과정적실시제공료상실이명학적계화,대표료당금체육과정적발전추향。채용문헌자료법,종미국신판표준적제정입수,탐석해표준적기본가구、관건변화화특정。연구지출,신판표준적제정기우학생과당중소학적기능화지식,학보표준가평개,신판표준적목표시양육구비체육소양적개체,위실현저일목표,년급수평결과지표표현위일충점진적순서,여2004년적표준상비,신판표준재술어사용、표준수량、년급수평화지표편마등방면출현료신적변화,신판표준적특정표현위강조개체적체육소양양육、중시운동기능능력적배양、체현체육과정표준적정체건구、주중각의연습임무적창건화촉진장악분위적창설。료해저사변화특정,유조우아문과학지료해국제체육과정적발전동태,탁전대체육과정표준인식적시야,위아국체육과정표준적완선화실시제공차감。
America formulated a new version of K-12 physical education curriculum national standard in 2013.This standard is a programmatic document that guides the development of American physical education. It provides detailed and clear plan for the implementation of physical education curriculum in American primary and secondary schools and represents the development trend of current physical education curriculum. Based on its formulation,this paper analyzed basic framework,key changes and characteristics of the new national standard by the method of literature review. The results showed that the formulation of the new version was based on the skill ability and knowledge which student learned from classroom to make sure the standard can be evaluated. The target of the new version is to cultivate individuals with physically accomplishment. For this target,the grade-level outcome index is characterized by a kind of progressive sequence. Compared with the 2004 standard,the new one has some new changes in term using,standards quantity,grade level,and index code. The characteristics of new standard are emphasizing individual physically accomplishment cultivation,stressing motor skill ability form,embodying whole construction of physical education curriculum,paying attention to creation of deliberate practice task and establishing of atmosphere mastery. The understanding of these characteristics can help us to know the trend of international physical education curriculum. This study extended our vision on physical education curriculum standard and provided reference for improvement and implementation of China physical education curriculum standard.