北京体育大学学报
北京體育大學學報
북경체육대학학보
Journal of Beijing University of Physical Education
2015年
6期
126~132
,共null页
游永豪 刘扬 王广磊 李吉如 曹春梅 宋旭 马祖长 孙怡宁
遊永豪 劉颺 王廣磊 李吉如 曹春梅 宋旭 馬祖長 孫怡寧
유영호 류양 왕엄뢰 리길여 조춘매 송욱 마조장 손이저
MH2- 划桨技术 路径分析 因子分析 指标体系
MH2- 劃槳技術 路徑分析 因子分析 指標體繫
MH2- 화장기술 로경분석 인자분석 지표체계
MH2-; rowing technique; path analysis; factor analysis; index system
目的:构建国家赛艇队MH2-划桨技术指标体系。方法:采用Dr.Valery Kleshnev团队研发的赛艇运动生物力学信息采集系统,对国家赛艇队16名MH2-队员进行了划桨技术测试,借助路径分析、因子分析等统计方法构建指标体系。结论:1)国家赛艇队MH2-划桨技术指标体系包括艇速、划桨效率、躯干手臂驱动、时间、桨力等5大类指标,对划桨技术的贡献率基本一致;2)1个划桨周期中,最大艇速与最小艇速差值、艇速标准差都可以有效反映转桨蹬腿过程中艇速的衰减程度;最大艇速和最小艇速都是越大越好,艇速变化越小越好。国家赛艇队MH2-运动员可以通过减小艇最大加速度、艇倾斜幅度来减小艇速变化;3)打滑幅度是影响有效划幅%的重要指标(β=-0.97)。出水打滑、拉桨相对深度、回桨平均高度、回桨最大高度是影响打滑幅度的有效指标。国家赛艇队MH2-运动员可以通过减小出水打滑幅度和回桨最大高度、加大拉桨相对深度和回桨的平均高度来减少打滑幅度;4)国家赛艇队MH2-队员躯干手臂驱动幅度和角度的相关系数为-0.92。队员可根据个人用力特点,调整躯干手臂驱动幅度和角度,提高桨力-时间曲线的后弧饱满度;5)回桨时间是制约拉桨节奏最主要的因素,国家赛艇队MH2-队员可通过减小收腿平均速度和收腿桨角系数缩短回桨时间;6)国家赛艇队MH2-队员可以通过加快蹬腿速度、减慢拉桨速度,来增大拉桨平均力。
目的:構建國傢賽艇隊MH2-劃槳技術指標體繫。方法:採用Dr.Valery Kleshnev糰隊研髮的賽艇運動生物力學信息採集繫統,對國傢賽艇隊16名MH2-隊員進行瞭劃槳技術測試,藉助路徑分析、因子分析等統計方法構建指標體繫。結論:1)國傢賽艇隊MH2-劃槳技術指標體繫包括艇速、劃槳效率、軀榦手臂驅動、時間、槳力等5大類指標,對劃槳技術的貢獻率基本一緻;2)1箇劃槳週期中,最大艇速與最小艇速差值、艇速標準差都可以有效反映轉槳蹬腿過程中艇速的衰減程度;最大艇速和最小艇速都是越大越好,艇速變化越小越好。國傢賽艇隊MH2-運動員可以通過減小艇最大加速度、艇傾斜幅度來減小艇速變化;3)打滑幅度是影響有效劃幅%的重要指標(β=-0.97)。齣水打滑、拉槳相對深度、迴槳平均高度、迴槳最大高度是影響打滑幅度的有效指標。國傢賽艇隊MH2-運動員可以通過減小齣水打滑幅度和迴槳最大高度、加大拉槳相對深度和迴槳的平均高度來減少打滑幅度;4)國傢賽艇隊MH2-隊員軀榦手臂驅動幅度和角度的相關繫數為-0.92。隊員可根據箇人用力特點,調整軀榦手臂驅動幅度和角度,提高槳力-時間麯線的後弧飽滿度;5)迴槳時間是製約拉槳節奏最主要的因素,國傢賽艇隊MH2-隊員可通過減小收腿平均速度和收腿槳角繫數縮短迴槳時間;6)國傢賽艇隊MH2-隊員可以通過加快蹬腿速度、減慢拉槳速度,來增大拉槳平均力。
목적:구건국가새정대MH2-화장기술지표체계。방법:채용Dr.Valery Kleshnev단대연발적새정운동생물역학신식채집계통,대국가새정대16명MH2-대원진행료화장기술측시,차조로경분석、인자분석등통계방법구건지표체계。결론:1)국가새정대MH2-화장기술지표체계포괄정속、화장효솔、구간수비구동、시간、장력등5대류지표,대화장기술적공헌솔기본일치;2)1개화장주기중,최대정속여최소정속차치、정속표준차도가이유효반영전장등퇴과정중정속적쇠감정도;최대정속화최소정속도시월대월호,정속변화월소월호。국가새정대MH2-운동원가이통과감소정최대가속도、정경사폭도래감소정속변화;3)타활폭도시영향유효화폭%적중요지표(β=-0.97)。출수타활、랍장상대심도、회장평균고도、회장최대고도시영향타활폭도적유효지표。국가새정대MH2-운동원가이통과감소출수타활폭도화회장최대고도、가대랍장상대심도화회장적평균고도래감소타활폭도;4)국가새정대MH2-대원구간수비구동폭도화각도적상관계수위-0.92。대원가근거개인용력특점,조정구간수비구동폭도화각도,제고장력-시간곡선적후호포만도;5)회장시간시제약랍장절주최주요적인소,국가새정대MH2-대원가통과감소수퇴평균속도화수퇴장각계수축단회장시간;6)국가새정대MH2-대원가이통과가쾌등퇴속도、감만랍장속도,래증대랍장평균력。
Purpose: This study aimed at constructing rowing technique index system in national MH2- rowing team. Methods: The rowing biomechanical information acquisition system developed by Dr. Valery Kleshnev team was used to test rowing technique of 16 national MH2- rowers,and the index system of rowing technique was constructed by path analysis,factor analysis and so on. Conclusions: 1) This rowing technique index system of MH2-rowers includes boat speed,stroke efficiency,trunk and arm driving,time,and oar force,which have the same contribution rate of rowing technique. 2) In a stroke cycle,the difference between maximum and minimum boat speed and its standard deviation can effectively reflect the degree of boat speed attenuation in the process of rotating propeller kick; the maximum and minimum boat speeds are the faster the better,but change of boat speed is the smaller the better. MH2- rowers can reduce the maximum acceleration and tilt amplitude to decease the change of boat speed. 3) Slip angle is an important index to affect effective stroke length( β =- 0. 97). Release slip,relative depth of pulling,average and maximum heights of recovery are effective indexes to influence slip amplitude. 4) The correlation coefficient between driving range and angle of trunk and arm is- 0. 92. Players can ad-just the trunk arm driving amplitude and angle for improving back arc plumpness of oar force-time curve,according to their individual characteristics. 5) Recovery time is the key factor to affect stroke rhythm,and MH2- rowers can shorten it by reducing the average velocity of drawing back feet and by decreasing the recovery angle. 6)MH2- rowers of the national rowing team can improve average force of pulling oar by accelerating kick speed and by slowing speed of pulling oar.