CAJ | 학술논문

权利归属是国防专利制度的核心问题,发明人的核心利益是智力成果收益问题。当前,国防领域职务发明权利归属不清,违背了智力财产私权性的法律原则,造成的结果是发明人失去了产权,国家损失了国防专利制度可能带来的收益,解决问题的关键是跳出“非此即彼”的权利归属思维定势,将国防专利权分为所有权、使用权、收益权和处置权,并在此基础上进行权利分割。国家拥有所有权,发明人拥有使用权和处置权,国家、单位和发明人共同拥有收益权,这既体现了法律的公平正义,又符合经济规律,做到了权、责、利相统一。
권리귀속시국방전리제도적핵심문제,발명인적핵심이익시지력성과수익문제。당전,국방영역직무발명권리귀속불청,위배료지력재산사권성적법률원칙,조성적결과시발명인실거료산권,국가손실료국방전리제도가능대래적수익,해결문제적관건시도출“비차즉피”적권리귀속사유정세,장국방전리권분위소유권、사용권、수익권화처치권,병재차기출상진행권리분할。국가옹유소유권,발명인옹유사용권화처치권,국가、단위화발명인공동옹유수익권,저기체현료법률적공평정의,우부합경제규률,주도료권、책、리상통일。
Ownership is the core issue of national defense patent system, and the core interests of inventors are benefit of intellectual achievements. The current defense property rights is unclear, it violates legal principles, bruises the invention enthusiasm of inventors and blocks up the progress of our science and technology. The key to solve the problem is to es- cape from the mindset of either this or that, then divide the defense property rights into ownership, usufruct, income and disposition right, and split the right. The national owns the ownership, inventors own the usufruct and disposition right, national, organizations and individuals jointly own the income right. This method not only displayed natural justice of the law but also consistent with economic rules, do right, rest）onsihility, benefit United.