山东体育科技
山東體育科技
산동체육과기
Shandong Sports Science & Technology
2015年
3期
48~53
,共null页
伦敦奥运会 世界田坛 竞争格局
倫敦奧運會 世界田罈 競爭格跼
륜돈오운회 세계전단 경쟁격국
London Olympic Games; international track and field; competition situation
通过对第30届伦敦奥运会为主的近几届奥运会田径各单项比赛成绩进行统计分析,表明田径整体竞技实力呈地域性分布,各洲际实力表现为欧洲〉北美洲〉非洲〉大洋洲〉亚洲〉南美洲。北美洲和非洲分别在短距离速度项目和中长跑项目上形成绝对优势,欧洲田径项目整体实力较均衡,而中国乃至亚洲国家只是在个别项目上寻求突破,以点带面立足于国际田坛。当今世界田坛总体竞争格局可划分为4个特征明显的集团,并呈现＂金字塔＂型结构。处于＂金字塔＂顶尖集团依旧被美国、俄罗斯、牙买加和肯尼亚等4个国家占领,而处于＂金字塔＂低层国家更替变化明显。中国田径落后局面未改变,竞走、投掷项目表现优异,未来将继续保持优势。男子短跨、女子马拉松和女子跳跃项目属潜优势项目,我国男女短跑、男女跳跃和男女全能项目则实力较弱。
通過對第30屆倫敦奧運會為主的近幾屆奧運會田徑各單項比賽成績進行統計分析,錶明田徑整體競技實力呈地域性分佈,各洲際實力錶現為歐洲〉北美洲〉非洲〉大洋洲〉亞洲〉南美洲。北美洲和非洲分彆在短距離速度項目和中長跑項目上形成絕對優勢,歐洲田徑項目整體實力較均衡,而中國迺至亞洲國傢隻是在箇彆項目上尋求突破,以點帶麵立足于國際田罈。噹今世界田罈總體競爭格跼可劃分為4箇特徵明顯的集糰,併呈現＂金字塔＂型結構。處于＂金字塔＂頂尖集糰依舊被美國、俄囉斯、牙買加和肯尼亞等4箇國傢佔領,而處于＂金字塔＂低層國傢更替變化明顯。中國田徑落後跼麵未改變,競走、投擲項目錶現優異,未來將繼續保持優勢。男子短跨、女子馬拉鬆和女子跳躍項目屬潛優勢項目,我國男女短跑、男女跳躍和男女全能項目則實力較弱。
통과대제30계륜돈오운회위주적근궤계오운회전경각단항비새성적진행통계분석,표명전경정체경기실력정지역성분포,각주제실력표현위구주〉북미주〉비주〉대양주〉아주〉남미주。북미주화비주분별재단거리속도항목화중장포항목상형성절대우세,구주전경항목정체실력교균형,이중국내지아주국가지시재개별항목상심구돌파,이점대면립족우국제전단。당금세계전단총체경쟁격국가화분위4개특정명현적집단,병정현＂금자탑＂형결구。처우＂금자탑＂정첨집단의구피미국、아라사、아매가화긍니아등4개국가점령,이처우＂금자탑＂저층국가경체변화명현。중국전경락후국면미개변,경주、투척항목표현우이,미래장계속보지우세。남자단과、녀자마랍송화녀자도약항목속잠우세항목,아국남녀단포、남녀도약화남녀전능항목칙실력교약。
Mainly based on the 30th London olympic Games, the analysis of the competition results shows that there is a regional distribution in the world sports competition; the intercontinental strength ranking is Europe 〉 North America 〉 Africa 〉 Oceania 〉 Asia 〉 South America. North America and Africa respectively have an absolute advantage in the short distance speed and medium distance running; the overall strength of the European athletics is balanced ; China and even Asia just seek breakthrough on individual events, to make a foothold on the international sport. In today＇s world, overall competition pattern can be divided into 4 groups with obvious characteristics, which are in ＂ Pyramid＂ structure. The top of the ＂ Pyramid＂ was still occupied by America, Russia, Jamaica and Kenya. Countries in the lower ＂ Pyramid＂ change obviously. China＇s backward situation in sports is unchanged, although walking and throwing are excellent. Man short span, women＇s marathon and women＇s jump belongs to the latent advantage. Men＇s and women＇s sprinting, jumping and all -around event are still weak.
