CAJ | 학술논문

符际翻译活动可分为“原符理解→符际变化→译符表达”三阶段,翻译批评也可据之选取所要批评的对象或视角建立自己的体系。依据符号学的语形、语义和语用三分法可定翻译批评的三个层次：语形批评、语义批评和语用批评;结合翻译过程,整个译评体系又可分为：自下而上式“语形语义Ⅰ语用”理解批评;“语义/语用”变通或转化批评;自上而下式“语用Ⅰ语义语形”表达批评。
부제번역활동가분위“원부리해→부제변화→역부표체”삼계단,번역비평야가거지선취소요비평적대상혹시각건립자기적체계。의거부호학적어형、어의화어용삼분법가정번역비평적삼개층차：어형비평、어의비평화어용비평;결합번역과정,정개역평체계우가분위：자하이상식“어형어의Ⅰ어용”리해비평;“어의/어용”변통혹전화비평;자상이하식“어용Ⅰ어의어형”표체비평。
Semiotic translation can be divided into three phases： understanding the source symbol, semiotic transformation and semiotic expression. According to this theoretical division, we may construct the semiotic system of translation criticism in terms of its research object or perspective. In the same way, the translation criticism can be divided into formal criticism, se- mantic criticism and pragmatic criticism in the light of the trichotomy of semiotics （form, semantic and pragmatic）. The whole criticism system can be divided into bottom-up understanding crtieism form-semantic I pragmatic ） , semantic/ pragmatic transformation or change criticism and the top-down expression criticism （pragmatic I semantic-form） from the perspective of translating process.