CAJ | 학술논문

通过促进知识溢出提高区域创新效率是实施创新驱动发展战略和实现区域经济收敛的有效途径之一。基于Griliches-Jaffe知识生产函数回归模型,以2009-2012年中国大陆30个省级经济单元为研究对象,通过因子分析法,构建了由R＆D研究机构数、R＆D经费支出、R＆D人员全时当量组成的创新投入因子,由规上工业企业技术引进经费支出、规上工业企业购买国内技术经费支出、规上工业企业技术消化吸收经费组成的知识溢出因子,由专利申请授权数、国外主要工具检索科研论文数、规上工业企业新产品产值增长、科技促进经济社会发展指数组成的创新产出因子,在此基础上实证分析了创新投入、知识溢出对创新产出的影响。结果表明：区域创新要素投入、知识溢出会显著影响区域创新能力,其中创新要素投入因子的回归系数为0.72,知识溢出因子的回归系数为0.23;知识溢出会显著正向调节创新投入与创新产出之间的关系,由知识溢出因子、创新投入因子构成的调节效应交互项的回归系数为0.09,即创新要素投入在知识溢出的调节下,会进一步提高创新产出水平,增强区域创新能力,其调节水平可能与区域创新系统成熟度以及地区教育水平密切相关。最后,针对研究结果提出相应的优化对策和建议：第一,需进一步加大区域创新要素投入建立合理的创新激励机制。第二,应鼓励企业技术购买与引进,引进人才,增强企业技术消化吸收能力。第三,需加强区域创新网络集群系统的构建,通过空间聚集使创新网络系统的知识溢出循环效应最大化,提高区域创新效率。第四,应加强政府、企业和高校、科研机构间官产学研合作以及企业间的互动合作,使知识要素在区域内最大化发挥溢出作用,有效提升区域创新效率,实现区域创新驱动发展。
통과촉진지식일출제고구역창신효솔시실시창신구동발전전략화실현구역경제수렴적유효도경지일。기우Griliches-Jaffe지식생산함수회귀모형,이2009-2012년중국대륙30개성급경제단원위연구대상,통과인자분석법,구건료유R＆D연구궤구수、R＆D경비지출、R＆D인원전시당량조성적창신투입인자,유규상공업기업기술인진경비지출、규상공업기업구매국내기술경비지출、규상공업기업기술소화흡수경비조성적지식일출인자,유전리신청수권수、국외주요공구검색과연논문수、규상공업기업신산품산치증장、과기촉진경제사회발전지수조성적창신산출인자,재차기출상실증분석료창신투입、지식일출대창신산출적영향。결과표명：구역창신요소투입、지식일출회현저영향구역창신능력,기중창신요소투입인자적회귀계수위0.72,지식일출인자적회귀계수위0.23;지식일출회현저정향조절창신투입여창신산출지간적관계,유지식일출인자、창신투입인자구성적조절효응교호항적회귀계수위0.09,즉창신요소투입재지식일출적조절하,회진일보제고창신산출수평,증강구역창신능력,기조절수평가능여구역창신계통성숙도이급지구교육수평밀절상관。최후,침대연구결과제출상응적우화대책화건의：제일,수진일보가대구역창신요소투입건립합리적창신격려궤제。제이,응고려기업기술구매여인진,인진인재,증강기업기술소화흡수능력。제삼,수가강구역창신망락집군계통적구건,통과공간취집사창신망락계통적지식일출순배효응최대화,제고구역창신효솔。제사,응가강정부、기업화고교、과연궤구간관산학연합작이급기업간적호동합작,사지식요소재구역내최대화발휘일출작용,유효제승구역창신효솔,실현구역창신구동발전。
The implementation of innovation-driven strategy and regional economic convergence can be practicably promoted by knowledge spillover, which is able to, in turn, enhance regional innovation efficiency. This paper studied 30 provincial units in mainland China between 2009 and 2012, established the multi-targets evaluation system, used exploratory factor analysis method, and integrated R＆D Research institutions number, R＆D expenditure, R＆D personal FIE into innovation input factor, with import of technology, purchase of domestic technology and technology absorption of the scale industrial enterprise into knowledge spillover factor and authorized patent application, foreign research papers retrieved by essential tools, new products growth rate of scale industrial enterprise and promotional impact index of technology on economic and social development into innovation output in the meantime. Based on Griliches-Jaffe regression model, this study ran a regression using data of the 30 provinces in China and empirically analyzed the effects of innovation input and knowledge spillover on innovation output. The results show that regional innovation factors input and knowledge spillover have significant impact on regional innovation capacity, and the regression coefficient of innovation input is 0.72 and the regression coefficient of knowledge spillover is 0. 23. Knowledge spillover can positively moderate relationship between innovation input and output, and the regression coefficient of interaction with knowledge spillover and innovation input is 0.09, which means that innovation factors input can further improve innovation output and enhance regional innovation capacity under the moderation of knowledge spillover. In the end, targeted suggestions on improving regional innovation efficiency are provided on the above basis. Firstly, further input of regional innovation elements and proper establishment of innovation incentive mechanism is required. Secondly, it is suggested to encourage enterprises to purchase and bring in technology as well as talents so as to boost their technical absorption ability. Thirdly, regional innovation network and trunking system should be better established, so that promotion of regional innovation efficiency can be facilitated through spatial clustering and maximization of spillover effect of this system. Lastly, for the purpose of maximizing the intra-regional spillover effect of knowledge, the cooperation not only cross-enterprise but also among authorities, enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions should be strengthened. By doing so, the promotion of regional innovation efficiency would be well conducted and the realization of regional innovation-driven development would be well in sight.