CAJ | 학술논문

水权交易是指用水户之间的水权转让,我国立法并未规定水权交易模式,但是各地纷纷开展水权交易实践,可以总结为商品水交易模式、水票制交易模式、取水许可证交易模式。但是这三种交易模式分别存在交易客体错位、交易主体积极性不足、交易前提条件不具备等弊端,不适合全国范围内推广。国外水权交易由来已久,比较典型的是美国的水银行交易模式和澳大利亚的水市场交易模式。美国加州的水资源时空分布不均匀,与我国较一致,且水银行模式具有企业化管理、用水效率高、不损害第三者利益等特点。结合其成功经验,建议从水权交易方式、水权交易原则以及政府与水银行的关系三方面对我国水权交易模式进行完善。
수권교역시지용수호지간적수권전양,아국입법병미규정수권교역모식,단시각지분분개전수권교역실천,가이총결위상품수교역모식、수표제교역모식、취수허가증교역모식。단시저삼충교역모식분별존재교역객체착위、교역주체적겁성불족、교역전제조건불구비등폐단,불괄합전국범위내추엄。국외수권교역유래이구,비교전형적시미국적수은행교역모식화오대리아적수시장교역모식。미국가주적수자원시공분포불균균,여아국교일치,차수은행모식구유기업화관리、용수효솔고、불손해제삼자이익등특점。결합기성공경험,건의종수권교역방식、수권교역원칙이급정부여수은행적관계삼방면대아국수권교역모식진행완선。
Water right transaction refers to the water transfer between water users. Although its mode is not regulated by legislation,its practice has carried out all over the country and can be concluded as the three modes, that is, commodity patterns, water-tickets patterns and water-certificate patterns. But these three trading patterns are not suitable for the nationwide promotion due to the deficiencies of the dislocation of the dealing objects and subjects and lacking of transactional preconditions. Water right transaction abroad has a long history, among which the water bank transaction modes of the United States and Australia are typical. Similar to our country, water resources in California is also distributed unevenly in time and space. The water bank mode there has characteristics of enterprises management, high efficiency of water usage without damage the interests of a third party. Concluded successful experience abroad,this paper suggested that domestic water right transaction can be improved from three aspects as the trading methods, trading principles and relationships between the government and the water bank.