心理科学进展
心理科學進展
심이과학진전
Advances In Psychological Science
2015年
7期
1216~1225
,共null页
拖延行为 时间取向 模型
拖延行為 時間取嚮 模型
타연행위 시간취향 모형
procrastination; time orientation; model
拖延（Procrastination）是指尽管预见到该行为会带来不利后果，人们仍自愿推迟开始或完成某一计划好的行为。首先重点阐释了新近发展的几个时间取向的拖延行为模型：时间动机理论（Temporal Motivation Theory,TMT）模型、时间取向的双维模型（2×2model of time-related academic behavior）和概念模型（Conceptual Model））；然后在时间取向理论基础之上从内部因素（人格因素、认知因素和应对策略等）和外部因素（家庭环境、学校教育、任务性质等）两个方面对拖延行为的成因进行了分析。未来研究应该从拖延行为的心理机制、神经基础、行为遗传学以及开发有效的干预方法等方面开展大量的研究。
拖延（Procrastination）是指儘管預見到該行為會帶來不利後果，人們仍自願推遲開始或完成某一計劃好的行為。首先重點闡釋瞭新近髮展的幾箇時間取嚮的拖延行為模型：時間動機理論（Temporal Motivation Theory,TMT）模型、時間取嚮的雙維模型（2×2model of time-related academic behavior）和概唸模型（Conceptual Model））；然後在時間取嚮理論基礎之上從內部因素（人格因素、認知因素和應對策略等）和外部因素（傢庭環境、學校教育、任務性質等）兩箇方麵對拖延行為的成因進行瞭分析。未來研究應該從拖延行為的心理機製、神經基礎、行為遺傳學以及開髮有效的榦預方法等方麵開展大量的研究。
타연（Procrastination）시지진관예견도해행위회대래불리후과，인문잉자원추지개시혹완성모일계화호적행위。수선중점천석료신근발전적궤개시간취향적타연행위모형：시간동궤이론（Temporal Motivation Theory,TMT）모형、시간취향적쌍유모형（2×2model of time-related academic behavior）화개념모형（Conceptual Model））；연후재시간취향이론기출지상종내부인소（인격인소、인지인소화응대책략등）화외부인소（가정배경、학교교육、임무성질등）량개방면대타연행위적성인진행료분석。미래연구응해종타연행위적심리궤제、신경기출、행위유전학이급개발유효적간예방법등방면개전대량적연구。
Procrastination refers to the behavior of putting off impending actions or tasks to a later time, which is a serious psychological failing. In this paper, three models of Procrastination on time orientation were introduced, such as the Temporal Motivation Model and the Conceptual Model. Furthermore, the contributing factors of procrastination from the internal factors （including the personality, the cognitive strategy etc.,） and the external factors （including family, the school education and so on） were discussed. We suggested that further studies should focus on identifying the psychological and neural, as well as the behavioral-genetic mechanisms of procrastination and developing effective methods in procrastination intervention.
