CAJ | 학술논문

本文基于同质性理论、同群效应和类聚效应，建立了归国者跨国资本转移机制的模型，并根据“千人计划”学者合作者网络，计算并分析了他们的跨国学术资本转移情况。结果表明，“千人计划”学者归国后积累了更多的学术社会资本；通过“三元闭包”机制，将国外学术社会资本转移至国内；归国后所积累的资本转移效率更高；通过资本转移，“千人计划”学者有助于打破聚簇密度，引发创新级联。本研究的意义在于提出了社会资本的转移模型和计算公式，发现社会资本的转移是一个弱关系到强关系、间接联系到直接联系的过程，并通过定量的方法研究了归国者所带来的社会影响。
본문기우동질성이론、동군효응화류취효응，건립료귀국자과국자본전이궤제적모형，병근거“천인계화”학자합작자망락，계산병분석료타문적과국학술자본전이정황。결과표명，“천인계화”학자귀국후적루료경다적학술사회자본；통과“삼원폐포”궤제，장국외학술사회자본전이지국내；귀국후소적루적자본전이효솔경고；통과자본전이，“천인계화”학자유조우타파취족밀도，인발창신급련。본연구적의의재우제출료사회자본적전이모형화계산공식，발현사회자본적전이시일개약관계도강관계、간접련계도직접련계적과정，병통과정량적방법연구료귀국자소대래적사회영향。
Returning expatriates not only brought back to their native countries intellectual capital but also social capital. The transfer of academic social capital by expatriates give domestic scholars better access to foreign information, foster participation in the global academic community, academic reputation. But current research concerning and build confidence and the phenomenon of social capital transfer of expatriates is very limited. This study proposes a cross-border social capital transfer model of expatraites by applying the theory of homophily, peer effects and group homogenization. An analysis of the data on transnational academic capital transfers, collected from the Network of Thousands of Academic Collaborators, a recruitment network of returning expatraites, shows that returnees are able to accumulate significantly more academic social capital in their post-return career. Foreign academic social capital is transferred to the domestic academic community through a three-way triadic closure mechanism. The post-return accumulated capital appears to be transferred with higher efficiency. With such capital transfers, returnees help break stagnation and trigger a cascade of innovation. We propose a model as well as an analytic formula of transnational social capital transfer. We find that social capital transfer is a process, by which weak relations become strong and indirect contacts becomes direct contacts. Our research implies that cross-border social capital transfer happens when a scholar who possesses the homogenizing characters mediates between two heterogeneous groups and is able to bridge the differences. However once the transfer is completed, the mediator will lose his/her role, which leads to a decrease of clusters and an increase of cluster coefficient. Our study also examines the social impact of returning expatraites by means of quantitative methods. The paper recommends that in planning and modifying Chinese talent recruitment programs, the government should take into consideration the efficiency of social capital transfer.