CAJ | 학술논문

中国经济发展进入新常态,财政收入增速降低导致社会救助资金增量约束增大,经济下行和结构调整导致中低收入群体失业和陷入贫困的风险加大,转变经济发展方式对增加贫困人口人力资本投入、扩大中低收入群体的消费能力提出了更高要求。目前,我国绝对贫困减轻,但支出型贫困凸显,社会救助体系亟待转型升级;社会救助财政资金使用效益较高,但存在投入结构不平衡以及救助人口增长效应递减等问题;各项社会救助政策的执行与低保捆绑,造成救助项目叠加和福利依赖等问题。要坚持救助前移的政策取向,增强社会救助的风险预防功能;积极探索社会救助服务,健全社会救助制度体系;加快引入政府购买服务,推动社会救助管理服务方式创新;完善救助对象认定和需求评估体系,增强救助精准性;理顺社会救助事权与财政支出关系,调整资金使用结构,建立以救助需求为导向的财政投入增长机制。
중국경제발전진입신상태,재정수입증속강저도치사회구조자금증량약속증대,경제하행화결구조정도치중저수입군체실업화함입빈곤적풍험가대,전변경제발전방식대증가빈곤인구인력자본투입、확대중저수입군체적소비능력제출료경고요구。목전,아국절대빈곤감경,단지출형빈곤철현,사회구조체계극대전형승급;사회구조재정자금사용효익교고,단존재투입결구불평형이급구조인구증장효응체감등문제;각항사회구조정책적집행여저보곤방,조성구조항목첩가화복리의뢰등문제。요견지구조전이적정책취향,증강사회구조적풍험예방공능;적겁탐색사회구조복무,건전사회구조제도체계;가쾌인입정부구매복무,추동사회구조관리복무방식창신;완선구조대상인정화수구평고체계,증강구조정준성;리순사회구조사권여재정지출관계,조정자금사용결구,건립이구조수구위도향적재정투입증장궤제。
As China＇s economy enters the new normal,fiscal income decrease leads to the increase of social assistance fund,and down turn of economy and structural adjustment result in high risk of unemployment and poverty for low and middle income group. Changing economic growth model sets higher requirements in the respective of increasing human capital input to impoverished population and enhancing consumption capability for low and middle income group. At present,absolute poverty is alleviated but expenditure-based poverty grows and social assistance system is urgent to transform and upgrade. There is high profit of fiscal capital for social assistance,but the input structure is imbalanced and effect is diminishing for the growth of population in aid. Each social assistance policy is bound with subsistence allowances in practice,which cause problems such as assistance projects superposition and welfare dependence. The policy should go in the direction of making assistance forward to strengthen risk prevent capability of social assistance; social assistance service should be explored positively to improve social assistance system; government purchase service should be accelerated to advance the innovation of social assistance management service; target people affirmation and demand evaluation system should be improved to promote the accuracy of assistance; the relationship of social assistance authority and fiscal expenditure should be clarified to adjust capital expenditure structure and to establish growth mechanism of fiscal input based on demandoriented assistance.