CAJ | 학술논문

利用1978—2013年的数据测算我国的全要素生产率增长和技术进步偏向,并基于新古典理论的分析框架,将就业增长分解为资本增长、全要素生产率增长（中性技术进步）和技术进步偏向三部分,分析表明：1979—1989年,我国技术进步的偏向不太明显,但在1990—2013年,我国技术进步明显偏向资本;资本投入对就业增长的贡献度远大于技术进步偏向和全要素生产率增长对就业的贡献度;因此,资本深化、技术进步偏向资本是我国就业增长严重滞后于经济增长的主要原因。为促进我国就业增长,应优先构建以促进就业增长为目标的宏观政策体系,大力发展与我国资源禀赋结构相匹配的劳动密集型技术,并加快中小企业的发展。
이용1978—2013년적수거측산아국적전요소생산솔증장화기술진보편향,병기우신고전이론적분석광가,장취업증장분해위자본증장、전요소생산솔증장（중성기술진보）화기술진보편향삼부분,분석표명：1979—1989년,아국기술진보적편향불태명현,단재1990—2013년,아국기술진보명현편향자본;자본투입대취업증장적공헌도원대우기술진보편향화전요소생산솔증장대취업적공헌도;인차,자본심화、기술진보편향자본시아국취업증장엄중체후우경제증장적주요원인。위촉진아국취업증장,응우선구건이촉진취업증장위목표적굉관정책체계,대력발전여아국자원품부결구상필배적노동밀집형기술,병가쾌중소기업적발전。
Under the analytical framework of neoclassical theory,this paper estimates total factor productivity growth and technology progress bias in China by the data of 1978-2013,and employment growth is decomposed into capital growth,total factor productivity growth（ neutral technology progress） and technology progress bias. The analysis shows that 1979-1989 technology progress bias is not obvious,but 1990—2013,technology progress is clearly bias towards capital in China,and capital input makes much more contribution to employment growth than technology progress bias and total factor productivity growth do. Therefore,the deepening of capital growth and the technology progress bias towards capital are the main reason why the employment growth lags far behind economic growth in China. In order to improve the employment growth,macroscopic policy system aimed at promoting employment growth should be established first; labor-intensive technology suitable for our country ＇s resources should be developed rapidly; the development of middle and small-sized enterprises should be accelerated.