CAJ | 학술논문

海参与燕窝是东南亚地区自元代以后向中国出口的重要奢侈品,中国国内市场海参和燕窝价可比黄金白银。巨大的利润与价值,极大地刺激了东南亚地区海参和燕窝的采集与贸易,各族群商人纷而争之。东南亚土著商人以及欧洲商业势力占有＂地利＂和＂天时＂之先,因此有人认为：＂16世纪以降,环中国海的中国海商贸易网络急剧萎缩、衰败,中国海商失去独立性,成了欧洲商业势力附庸。＂然而,实际上中国海商仍能通过贸易网络的扩张以及独有的行业专业技术,即＂人和＂的因素在东南亚海参燕窝贸易中占有优势。
해삼여연와시동남아지구자원대이후향중국출구적중요사치품,중국국내시장해삼화연와개가비황금백은。거대적리윤여개치,겁대지자격료동남아지구해삼화연와적채집여무역,각족군상인분이쟁지。동남아토저상인이급구주상업세력점유＂지리＂화＂천시＂지선,인차유인인위：＂16세기이강,배중국해적중국해상무역망락급극위축、쇠패,중국해상실거독립성,성료구주상업세력부용。＂연이,실제상중국해상잉능통과무역망락적확장이급독유적행업전업기술,즉＂인화＂적인소재동남아해삼연와무역중점유우세。
Trepang and the bird＇s nestshave been theimportant luxury exported to China from Southeast Asia since the Yuan Dynasty. Their ＂tonic＂propertiescorresponded withthe concept of desire and pursuit of health on the＂invigorating the kidney and strengthening yang＂and ＂prolonging life＂of Upper class social groups of China,and therefore led to their widespread pursuit. With the greatneed for trepang and bird＇s nest in China＇s domestic market,their price is comparable with gold and silver. Huge profits and valuegreatly stimulated the collecting and trading in the Southeast Asian. All ethnic groups are actively involved. Although local people and commercial forces in Europe,possess favorable location and time,Chinese maritime merchants monopolized the trade by expanding trade networks and unique industry expertise,namely＂unity with the people＂,as the saying goes：＂The time is not as important as the terrain; but the terrain is not as important as unity with the people. ＂