CAJ | 학술논문

关于对口支援问题的讨论，理论界和实务界都在关注“对口支援实践能做什么”，却没有指明“对口支援应该是什么”，甚至夸大了对口支援的功能，造成“援助病”。对口支援的功能（能做什么）取决于对口支援的本性定位（是什么），因此，过于夸大对口支援实践的功能既可能造成受援方援助依赖又可能导致支援方不堪重负。文章试图将对口支援实践界定为一种政治性馈赠，并认为对口支援实践的中国特点有：一是政治性馈赠的主体由三方构成，与对外援助明显不同；二是政治性馈赠打破了传统馈赠结构，回赠义务不是由受赠方而是由发起方承担，因而激励结构发生了位移；三是作为政治性馈赠的对口支援实践在不同时期功能略有差别。随着社会主义市场经济体制的成熟以及中央财政能力的强大，对口支援方肩负的受援方的地方经济发展功能将会越来越弱。
관우대구지원문제적토론，이론계화실무계도재관주“대구지원실천능주십요”，각몰유지명“대구지원응해시십요”，심지과대료대구지원적공능，조성“원조병”。대구지원적공능（능주십요）취결우대구지원적본성정위（시십요），인차，과우과대대구지원실천적공능기가능조성수원방원조의뢰우가능도치지원방불감중부。문장시도장대구지원실천계정위일충정치성궤증，병인위대구지원실천적중국특점유：일시정치성궤증적주체유삼방구성，여대외원조명현불동；이시정치성궤증타파료전통궤증결구，회증의무불시유수증방이시유발기방승담，인이격려결구발생료위이；삼시작위정치성궤증적대구지원실천재불동시기공능략유차별。수착사회주의시장경제체제적성숙이급중앙재정능력적강대，대구지원방견부적수원방적지방경제발전공능장회월래월약。
This paper argues that practical circles concentrate on the discussion of what partner aid can do while theoretical circles do not specify what partner aid is, so the function of partner aid is overstated, resulting in aid problem. So, the function of partner aid （what it can do） depends on its natural orientation （what it is）. Ex- cessive function of partner aid leads to not only receiver overreliance on giver and also giver overwhelming load. This paper attempts to define what partner aid practice is from the areas of experience, facts and truth, and fi- nally summarized as a kind of political giving. Then, mechanism of partner aid, political giving operation and its effect are proposed. Chinese characteristics of partner aid are the key points of the whole theory ： First, part- ner aid is made up of three parts, distinct from foreign aid; Second, political giving breaks traditional contribu- tion structure, and repayment obligation is undertaken by initiator but not receiver so the incentive structure dis- placement occurs; thirdly, partner aid practice as a political giving has slightly different functions at various pe- riods, as the market economy matures and the central financial capacity gets stronger, the economical develop- mental function shouldered by targeted assistance is getting weaker and weaker.