中外法学
中外法學
중외법학
2015年
4期
846~860
,共null页
以审判为中心 司法改革 改革限度 司法权威 司法公正
以審判為中心 司法改革 改革限度 司法權威 司法公正
이심판위중심 사법개혁 개혁한도 사법권위 사법공정
Proceedings centered on Trial ;Judicial Reform ; Limits of Reform ;Judicial Authority;Judicial Justice
“以审判为中心”要求侦查、起诉活动面向审判、服从审判,同时发挥审判在认定事实、适用法律上的决定性作用。此项要求体现司法规律,有利于克服固有弊端,实现司法公正,但其受到三机关配合、制约原则、检察监督制度,以及政治性领导、监督和协调制度约束,从而被形塑为“技术型审判中心论”。可操作的改革包括控诉、审判和诉讼程序“三个面向”,即控方证明责任的有效履行、法院审判的严格把关,以及庭审实质化。“以审判为中心”的逻辑延伸,含法律适用的和程序监控的审判中心,要求确立法院司法解释的权威性与独立性,以及强制侦查的司法审查和司法救济。落实“以审判为中心”,需采取必要工作措施,实现“三个面向”要求;逐步推进法律适用和程序监控的审判中心;推进司法体制和司法权运行机制改革;以务实的态度和适当的方式,向刑事司法的“线型结构”发起冲击。
“以審判為中心”要求偵查、起訴活動麵嚮審判、服從審判,同時髮揮審判在認定事實、適用法律上的決定性作用。此項要求體現司法規律,有利于剋服固有弊耑,實現司法公正,但其受到三機關配閤、製約原則、檢察鑑督製度,以及政治性領導、鑑督和協調製度約束,從而被形塑為“技術型審判中心論”。可操作的改革包括控訴、審判和訴訟程序“三箇麵嚮”,即控方證明責任的有效履行、法院審判的嚴格把關,以及庭審實質化。“以審判為中心”的邏輯延伸,含法律適用的和程序鑑控的審判中心,要求確立法院司法解釋的權威性與獨立性,以及彊製偵查的司法審查和司法救濟。落實“以審判為中心”,需採取必要工作措施,實現“三箇麵嚮”要求;逐步推進法律適用和程序鑑控的審判中心;推進司法體製和司法權運行機製改革;以務實的態度和適噹的方式,嚮刑事司法的“線型結構”髮起遲擊。
“이심판위중심”요구정사、기소활동면향심판、복종심판,동시발휘심판재인정사실、괄용법률상적결정성작용。차항요구체현사법규률,유리우극복고유폐단,실현사법공정,단기수도삼궤관배합、제약원칙、검찰감독제도,이급정치성령도、감독화협조제도약속,종이피형소위“기술형심판중심론”。가조작적개혁포괄공소、심판화소송정서“삼개면향”,즉공방증명책임적유효리행、법원심판적엄격파관,이급정심실질화。“이심판위중심”적라집연신,함법률괄용적화정서감공적심판중심,요구학입법원사법해석적권위성여독립성,이급강제정사적사법심사화사법구제。락실“이심판위중심”,수채취필요공작조시,실현“삼개면향”요구;축보추진법률괄용화정서감공적심판중심;추진사법체제화사법권운행궤제개혁;이무실적태도화괄당적방식,향형사사법적“선형결구”발기충격。
Proceedings centered on trial require all investigative and prosecutorial work serve the need of court trial. Meanwhile, court trial should play a decisive role in the finding of facts and the application of laws. This requirement is consistent with judicial rules, it can help solve existing problems and realize judicial justice. However, due to the special relationship between the investigative, prosecutorial and trial organs (division of functions and mutual restriction), legal supervision by the procuratorates, and the leading and coordination mechanism, our proceedings is only "technically centered on trial". An operable reform should involve prosecution work, trial work and proceedings, which demands the efficient imple- mentation of the burden of proof by prosecutors, strict checks by trial courts, and the materialization of court trial. The connotation of a procedure centered on trial logically extends to the applicaiton of laws and the control of procedure. We should establish the authority and independence of judicial interpretation by the courts, and the judicial review of and remedies for forcible investigation. To establish proceedings centered on trial, we need to take necessary steps to meet the following three requirements: gradually center trial organs in the applicaiton of laws and the control of procedure, reform the existing judicial sys- tem and the operational mechanism of judicial power, take practical and proper measures to break the " linear structure" of our judicial system.