CAJ | 학술논문

为确定黑龙江西部地区草原蝗虫及天敌发生情况,利用网捕法、定点调查等方法调查蝗虫及天敌种类,结果发现蝗虫种类18种,隶属于8科.优势种蝗虫有中华稻蝗、短额负蝗、黄胫小车蝗、亚洲小车蝗、宽翅曲背蝗和大垫尖翅蝗.7月和8月蝗虫丰富度最大、多样性指数最高,是蝗虫危害高峰期. 天敌种类共计14种,其中捕食性天敌种类较多,包括虎甲、步甲、螳螂、螽斯、各种蜘蛛,主要捕食蝗蝻和成蝗,斑芫菁主要捕食蝗卵.寄生性天敌有麻蝇、绒螨.蝗虫天敌与蝗虫的发生趋势较同步,可以发挥自然控制作用. 该调查结果对维持黑龙江西部地区草原生态系统平衡具有一定的指导作用.
위학정흑룡강서부지구초원황충급천활발생정황,이용망포법、정점조사등방법조사황충급천활충류,결과발현황충충류18충,대속우8과.우세충황충유중화도황、단액부황、황경소차황、아주소차황、관시곡배황화대점첨시황.7월화8월황충봉부도최대、다양성지수최고,시황충위해고봉기. 천활충류공계14충,기중포식성천활충류교다,포괄호갑、보갑、당랑、종사、각충지주,주요포식황호화성황,반원정주요포식황란.기생성천활유마승、융만.황충천활여황충적발생추세교동보,가이발휘자연공제작용. 해조사결과대유지흑룡강서부지구초원생태계통평형구유일정적지도작용.
In order to determine condition of grassland locust and natural enemies in western Heilongjiang province,the methods of nets trap and fixed plants were used to investigate the grassland locust information and its natural enemy. The results showed that 18 species from trapping collection were identified to belong to 8 families in the investigation period. The dominant species are Oxya chinensis,Atractomorpha sinensis,Oedaleus infernalis,Oedaleus asiaticus,pararcyptera microptera meridionalis and Epacromius coerulipes. The highest peak of grassland locust's richness and diversity index occurred in july and august,and indicated the most serious injury. In total,14 species of natural enemy were found. Predatory natural enemy species were more species,including tiger beetles,ground beetles,mantis,katydid,various kinds of spiders,which mainly preyed nymphs and adult locusts. Blister beetles mainly preyed eggs of locusts. Parasite natural enemies were flesh fly,velvet mites. Natural enemies of grassland locust and grassland locust occurrence trend were synchronous and could play a controlling role. The investigation results could provide some guidance for grassland ecosystem balance in western Heilongjiang province.