CAJ | 학술논문

推动生活垃圾分类对破解"垃圾围城"困境、减少温室气体排放、延缓全球气候变暖的进程、应对国家能源短缺、改善城市生态环境具有重要意义. 本文基于宁波市6区2 036户社区居民实地调查数据,采用二元logistic回归模型,对影响城市居民垃圾分类意愿和行为的因素及其差异进行了实证分析,并进一步探讨垃圾分类的内在机制. 研究结果表明,城市居民垃圾分类意愿和行为存在较大的差异,愿意参与垃圾分类的比例(82. 5%)明显高于实际参与垃圾分类行为的比例(13%),较高的分类意愿并不必然会产生较高的分类行为;其次,影响垃圾分类意愿和行为的因素有差别,垃圾分类行为的实现取决于情境因素/便利性、认知和态度,垃圾分类意愿则主要受认知和态度、个体特征、推动措施的影响:第三,垃圾分类意愿和行为影响因素的重要程度有差别,垃圾分类行为受情境因素/便利性影响较大,垃圾分类意愿受个体特征等主观因素影响较大,认知和态度对分类意愿和行为都具有重要影响;垃圾分类试点的成效对分类行为影响更大,分类意愿影响不显著. 根据实证结果,本丈提出促进城市居民垃圾分类的一些建议:首先,垃圾分类设施的便利性是阻碍垃圾分类的首因,必须加快完善垃圾分类设施和服务供给体系;其次,通过加强居民分类知识普及和垃圾分类责任感/价值观培养,促进垃圾分类意愿;第三,通过建立垃圾分类行为短期激励和长期激励的关联机制,合并垃圾分类的内在过程和外部条件,共同促进垃圾分类行为习惯的形成和维持.
추동생활랄급분류대파해"랄급위성"곤경、감소온실기체배방、연완전구기후변난적진정、응대국가능원단결、개선성시생태배경구유중요의의. 본문기우저파시6구2 036호사구거민실지조사수거,채용이원logistic회귀모형,대영향성시거민랄급분류의원화행위적인소급기차이진행료실증분석,병진일보탐토랄급분류적내재궤제. 연구결과표명,성시거민랄급분류의원화행위존재교대적차이,원의삼여랄급분류적비례(82. 5%)명현고우실제삼여랄급분류행위적비례(13%),교고적분류의원병불필연회산생교고적분류행위;기차,영향랄급분류의원화행위적인소유차별,랄급분류행위적실현취결우정경인소/편리성、인지화태도,랄급분류의원칙주요수인지화태도、개체특정、추동조시적영향:제삼,랄급분류의원화행위영향인소적중요정도유차별,랄급분류행위수정경인소/편리성영향교대,랄급분류의원수개체특정등주관인소영향교대,인지화태도대분류의원화행위도구유중요영향;랄급분류시점적성효대분류행위영향경대,분류의원영향불현저. 근거실증결과,본장제출촉진성시거민랄급분류적일사건의:수선,랄급분류설시적편리성시조애랄급분류적수인,필수가쾌완선랄급분류설시화복무공급체계;기차,통과가강거민분류지식보급화랄급분류책임감/개치관배양,촉진랄급분류의원;제삼,통과건립랄급분류행위단기격려화장기격려적관련궤제,합병랄급분류적내재과정화외부조건,공동촉진랄급분류행위습관적형성화유지.
It is important to solve the problem of the national energy shortage and improve the urban ecological environment by promoting waste sort to break out of encirclement with waste, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow down global warming process. Based on 2 036 respondents' field survey data from 6 districts of Ningbo City, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of willingness and behavior on waste sorting, and forward waste sorting mechanism of urban residents. The results show as follows: there are differences between willingness and behavior on waste sorting, that the proportion of sorting willingness (82. 5%) is significantly higher than the actual behavior's (13%), and it means that higher waste sorting willingness doesn't necessarily result in higher behaviors. Willingness and behaviors on waste sorting can be influenced by different factors. Sorting behaviors much depend on situational factors, the cognition and attitude, while sorting willingness is mainly affected by the cognition and attitude, personal feature and promoting measures. There are many factors influencing the willingness and behaviors and their relative essentialities are different. Behavior of waste sort is more affected by situational factors ( namely convenience ) , whereas willingness to sort has greater impact to personal feature, and the cognition and attitude are important for both. The pilot waste sorting has greater impact on behavior than willingness. The former is significantly influenced, while the latter is not. Conclusively, in terms of the outcomes of empirical analysis, some special suggestions are put forward to further improve the waste sorting in China:Firstly, it reminds us that the convenience of facilities of waste sorting is still the most important factor, so the related facilities and service supply system need to be perfected. Secondly, the willingness to waste sorting needs to be strengthened by spreading the sorting knowledge, and fostering a sense of personal responsibility and values to waste sorting. Thirdly, to establish associated mechanism of short-term incentives and long-term incentives, and combine with the internal and external condition, are promoting the formation and maintenance of behavior of waste sorting.