CAJ | 학술논문

大气污染治理问题受到了政府和公众的广泛关注,然而传统研究并未对政府、公众行为和大气污染治理之间的关系予以足够重视. 文章构建了一个制度软化、公众认同与大气污染治理之间的理论模型并提出研究假说,采用Super-SBM模型对我国各省份大气污染治理效率进行测算,通过构建面板分位数模型对研究假说进行经验论证,得到以下结论:首先,大气污染治理效率测算结果表明,研究期内我国大气污染治理效率的省际格局变化不大,中部地区大气污染治理效率高于东部和西部地区. 其次,全国、中部及西部经验结论符合研究假说,即财政分权和晋升锦标赛引致的制度软化对区域大气污染治理效率具有负向冲击,公众认同对大气污染治理效率有正向影响,且公众认同在一定程度上可以弥补制度软化引致的效率下降,但东部经验与研究假说相反. 最后,晋升激励使得地方政府容易忽视大气污染治理的供给;环境规制对大气污染治理效率的影响在条件分位上具有"波特拐点"特征;产业转型升级的环境效应在东部地区并不明显,但在中西部地区显著;技术进步促进大气污染治理效率提升在全国范围内显著;外商投资能通过技术外溢、严格的规制标准提升大气污染治理效率,但目前这种正向影响只存在于东部地区. 故需要将环境质量指标及相关要素纳入地方政府的政治考评体系、改革和完善我国的财政分税制体制、引导公民自觉参与和监督大气污染治理、推进传统产业发展与现代服务业的有机融合等.
대기오염치리문제수도료정부화공음적엄범관주,연이전통연구병미대정부、공음행위화대기오염치리지간적관계여이족구중시. 문장구건료일개제도연화、공음인동여대기오염치리지간적이론모형병제출연구가설,채용Super-SBM모형대아국각성빈대기오염치리효솔진행측산,통과구건면판분위수모형대연구가설진행경험론증,득도이하결론:수선,대기오염치리효솔측산결과표명,연구기내아국대기오염치리효솔적성제격국변화불대,중부지구대기오염치리효솔고우동부화서부지구. 기차,전국、중부급서부경험결론부합연구가설,즉재정분권화진승금표새인치적제도연화대구역대기오염치리효솔구유부향충격,공음인동대대기오염치리효솔유정향영향,차공음인동재일정정도상가이미보제도연화인치적효솔하강,단동부경험여연구가설상반. 최후,진승격려사득지방정부용역홀시대기오염치리적공급;배경규제대대기오염치리효솔적영향재조건분위상구유"파특괴점"특정;산업전형승급적배경효응재동부지구병불명현,단재중서부지구현저;기술진보촉진대기오염치리효솔제승재전국범위내현저;외상투자능통과기술외일、엄격적규제표준제승대기오염치리효솔,단목전저충정향영향지존재우동부지구. 고수요장배경질량지표급상관요소납입지방정부적정치고평체계、개혁화완선아국적재정분세제체제、인도공민자각삼여화감독대기오염치리、추진전통산업발전여현대복무업적유궤융합등.
Air pollution has drawn wide attention and concern of government and the public. But traditional researches did not attach adequate importance to the relationships between the behaviors of government&public and air pollution abatement. Firstly, a model is established to reveal the mechanism between the soft institution, public recognition and air pollution abatement. And some hypotheses are proposed in according with the model. And then the efficiencies of air pollution governance of provinces are estimated with Super-SBM model. Finally the hypotheses are tested with panel quantile regression model with the findings as follow:firstly, there are small differences in efficiency of air pollution abatement between provinces, although the efficiency of middle region of China is higher than that of eastern and western regions of the country according to the estimated efficiencies of air pollution abatement. Secondly, hypotheses are verified by the empirical test with the data of whole China, middle and western regions:soft institution induced by fiscal decentralization and promotion tournament works negatively on efficiency of air pollution abatement;public recognition plays a positive role in efficiency of air pollution abatement; and public recognition can make up for the low efficiency of air pollution governance induced by the soft institution. But the empirical test with the data of eastern region contradicts the prediction from the hypotheses. Finally, due to promotion incentive, the local government ignores the supply of air pollution governance; Port turning point can be found in the effect of environmental regulation on efficiency of air pollution abatement with conditional quantile method; the environmental effect owing to industrial transformation and upgrade is significant in the western region of China while insignificant in eastern region;technological progress promotes efficiency of air pollution abatement nationwide;foreign investment promotes efficiency of air pollution abatement through technology spillovers and strict regulation, although this effect only exists in the eastern region. Hence, we should take the environmental quality indexes and relevant factors into the assessment of local governments, reform our country' s financial system, guide the citizen in participating and supervising the air pollution abatement, and promote the development of traditional industries and the organic integration of modern service industry, etc.