CAJ | 학술논문

由于环境技术创新的外部性及其将给企业带来额外成本的增加,因此,只有通过环境政策的激励,才能够有效地促进企业进行环境技术创新. 目前,已有文献对我国环境技术创新的研究缺乏计量经济学的证据,尤其缺乏对政府环境政策影响效应的研究与分析,政策针对性不强. 本文以我国环境技术创新活动的主体工业企业为研究对象,采用工业环境技术专利申请量指标来表征工业企业的环境技术创新水平,在对中国30个省份2006-2013年的面板数据进行单位根检验以及Hausman检验的基础上,构建固定效应的面板数据模型,探讨了环境政策力度、环境规制强度、技术创新投入等因素对我国工业企业环境技术创新的影响. 研究结果显示,滞后1年的工业污染治理投资每增加1%,工业企业环境技术创新增加6. 45%,表明我国的环境政策力度,即对环境改善的投入对工业企业的环境技术创新有明显的促进作用,同时这种激励作用存在一定的滞后性;而单位工业生产总值的污染排放量与环境技术专利的申请量之间为负相关关系,表明政府增大环境规制的强度,有利于激励企业增加对环境技术创新的供给. 此外,工业企业技术投入、市场需求、国际技术外溢效应和工业企业行业规模与企业环境技术创新均为正相关关系;其中,工业企业的技术投入是企业环境技术创新的核心驱动力. 为了扭转我国工业企业的传统发展模式、促进国民经济增长方式的转变,政府应建立节能减排政策规制的长效机制,加大减排科技资金投入,并加速形成环境技术创新的市场需求机制.
유우배경기술창신적외부성급기장급기업대래액외성본적증가,인차,지유통과배경정책적격려,재능구유효지촉진기업진행배경기술창신. 목전,이유문헌대아국배경기술창신적연구결핍계량경제학적증거,우기결핍대정부배경정책영향효응적연구여분석,정책침대성불강. 본문이아국배경기술창신활동적주체공업기업위연구대상,채용공업배경기술전리신청량지표래표정공업기업적배경기술창신수평,재대중국30개성빈2006-2013년적면판수거진행단위근검험이급Hausman검험적기출상,구건고정효응적면판수거모형,탐토료배경정책력도、배경규제강도、기술창신투입등인소대아국공업기업배경기술창신적영향. 연구결과현시,체후1년적공업오염치리투자매증가1%,공업기업배경기술창신증가6. 45%,표명아국적배경정책력도,즉대배경개선적투입대공업기업적배경기술창신유명현적촉진작용,동시저충격려작용존재일정적체후성;이단위공업생산총치적오염배방량여배경기술전리적신청량지간위부상관관계,표명정부증대배경규제적강도,유리우격려기업증가대배경기술창신적공급. 차외,공업기업기술투입、시장수구、국제기술외일효응화공업기업행업규모여기업배경기술창신균위정상관관계;기중,공업기업적기술투입시기업배경기술창신적핵심구동력. 위료뉴전아국공업기업적전통발전모식、촉진국민경제증장방식적전변,정부응건립절능감배정책규제적장효궤제,가대감배과기자금투입,병가속형성배경기술창신적시장수구궤제.
Due to the externality of environmental technology innovation, it will bring additional cost increase to the enterprises, therefore, environmental technology can be promoted effectively only by environmental policy incentives. At present, the formal literature about the research of environmental technology innovation in China lacks evidence of econometrics, especially the research and the analysis about the government' s environmental policy effect. So the target of the policy is not strong. This study focuses on industrial enterprise in China taking environmental technology innovation, and uses patent applications in industrial environmental technology to measure the level of environmental technology innovation of industrial enterprises. On the basis of the unit root test and Hausman test of panel data from 2006 to 2013 in China' s 30 provinces, a fixed effects panel data model is constructed. This paper discusses the factors of environmental policy, environmental regulation intensity, the technical innovation investment and others impact on environmental technology innovation of industrial enterprises of China. The research results show that the lag of industrial pollution control investment of one year for each additional 1%, environmental technology innovation of industrial enterprises increased by 6. 45%, indicating that the environmental policies of China, namely the investment of improving the environment has a significant role in promoting the environmental technology innovation of industrial enterprises;at the same time the incentive has a certain lag. The per unit of pollution emissions of the industrial production has negative correlation with the number of patent applications of environmental technology, showing that the government increasing the intensity of environmental regulation is helpful to stimulate enterprises to increase supply of environmental technology innovation. In addition, the technology investment of industrial enterprises, the demand of market, the international technology spillover effect and the industry scale of industrial enterprises all have positive correlation with enterprise' s environmental technology innovation. Among them, the technology investment of industrial enterprise is the core driving force of environmental technology innovation in enterprise. In order to reverse the traditional development model of industrial enterprises in China and change the way of promoting national economic growth, the government should establish a long-term mechanism of energy conservation and emissions reduction policy regulation, increase funding of science and technology, and accelerate the formation of mechanism of the market demand on environmental technology innovation.