CAJ | 학술논문

航空器4D 航迹规划可有效解决我国当前面临的航班延误问题,并且能够加速空管自动化与智能化技术的应用与实施.因此提出了1种基于历史雷达轨迹分析的4D 航迹规划方法：首先利用动态时间规整与层次聚类算法对进场历史雷达轨迹进行聚类分析,复现盛行交通流,继而根据盛行交通流和标准进场航线完成水平路径设计；其次对进场历史雷达数据统计分析,确定各进场航路点的高度/速度范围,然后基于航空器在终端区尽量保持高高度飞行的原则完成高度剖面设计；再次为使航空器可以按规定时间到达指定航路点,根据各航路点的速度范围设置合理参数,通过对参数优化调整完成所需速度剖面的设计.最后以上海浦东国际机场 VMB 进场场景为例进行仿真验证,平均误差为2．5 s,误差率为1．9‰.仿真结果表明基于历史雷达轨迹分析的4D 航迹规划方法可有效实现航班的准点降落,从而减少航班延误,提高终端空域运行效率.
항공기4D 항적규화가유효해결아국당전면림적항반연오문제,병차능구가속공관자동화여지능화기술적응용여실시.인차제출료1충기우역사뢰체궤적분석적4D 항적규화방법：수선이용동태시간규정여층차취류산법대진장역사뢰체궤적진행취류분석,복현성행교통류,계이근거성행교통류화표준진장항선완성수평로경설계；기차대진장역사뢰체수거통계분석,학정각진장항로점적고도/속도범위,연후기우항공기재종단구진량보지고고도비행적원칙완성고도부면설계；재차위사항공기가이안규정시간도체지정항로점,근거각항로점적속도범위설치합리삼수,통과대삼수우화조정완성소수속도부면적설계.최후이상해포동국제궤장 VMB 진장장경위례진행방진험증,평균오차위2．5 s,오차솔위1．9‰.방진결과표명기우역사뢰체궤적분석적4D 항적규화방법가유효실현항반적준점강락,종이감소항반연오,제고종단공역운행효솔.
4D trajectory planning can solve flight delay problems and accelerate the implementation and application of automation and intellectualization in Air Traffic Control.4D trajectory planning based on analysis of historical radar tracks was proposed.Historical radar tracks were clustered and analyzed by Dynamic Time Warping algorithm and Hier-archical clustering.Horizontal paths were designed based on the reproduced traffic flow and standard arrival routes.The ranges of altitudes and speeds of aircrafts were determined by statistical analysis of historical radar tracks.The altitude profiles were designed based on the principle of aircrafts should keeping high altitude as much as possible in the terminal area.Finally,the speed profiles which satisfy the scheduled time of arrivals were designed based on optimized parameters. Arrival flights to Shanghai Pudong Airport were selected as a simulation scenario as a result of the mean error of 2.5 s and the margin of error of 1.9‰.The simulation result indicates that the proposed 4D trajectory planning method can achieve flights landing punctuality,reduce flight delays and improve the efficiency of the terminal airspace.