CAJ | 학술논문

语言交际总是在意图的表达—领会—再表达—再领会这样一个不断反复的轮回中进行的。交际的价值也正是在言者（作者）／听者（读者）角色不但更替的这一周而复始的语言交际过程中得以磋商而最终实现的。在语言交际中蕴涵和预设是话语理解的两种主要推理。作为语义关系，研究它们旨在区别二者之间的异同。作为语用现象，重在区别预设和声言（即已知信息和未知信息）之间的异同。从语言交际的行为来看，句子具有蕴涵，言者具有预设。二者都是未被言者通过话语直接表达的但又在交际过程中得以传递的已知信息。作为语义关系的蕴涵一旦进入语境或与言者相关，便会进入语用范畴，传达一定的语用意义。而作为语义关系的预设，总是把自己和句子的命题联系在一起；作为前提的语用预设总是把自己和言者联系在一起。鉴别蕴涵和预设的方法主要是否定测试法和嵌入测试法。
어언교제총시재의도적표체—령회—재표체—재령회저양일개불단반복적륜회중진행적。교제적개치야정시재언자（작자）／은자（독자）각색불단경체적저일주이복시적어언교제과정중득이차상이최종실현적。재어언교제중온함화예설시화어리해적량충주요추리。작위어의관계，연구타문지재구별이자지간적이동。작위어용현상，중재구별예설화성언（즉이지신식화미지신식）지간적이동。종어언교제적행위래간，구자구유온함，언자구유예설。이자도시미피언자통과화어직접표체적단우재교제과정중득이전체적이지신식。작위어의관계적온함일단진입어경혹여언자상관，편회진입어용범주，전체일정적어용의의。이작위어의관계적예설，총시파자기화구자적명제련계재일기；작위전제적어용예설총시파자기화언자련계재일기。감별온함화예설적방법주요시부정측시법화감입측시법。
Verbal communication definitely works repeatedly in the dialogic turn of expression-recognition-re-expression-rerecognition of language users ’ intentions .And the due value of communication is realized in the nego-tiation of meaning or the turn-taking between the speaker/writer and hearer/reader .Successful communication in this sense depends on whether the two parties involved could correctly infer their respective intention governed by the common goal .It is thus conducive to having a good command of pragmatic strategies in utterance production , recognize the speaker/writer’ s intention methodologically and ultimately improve foreign language learners ’ prag-matic competence to explore entailment and presupposition in linguistic communication .