科普研究
科普研究
과보연구
Science Popularization
2015年
4期
64-70,83
,共8页
科普展览%评估%比较研究
科普展覽%評估%比較研究
과보전람%평고%비교연구
science&technology exhibition%evaluation%comparative study
评估是检验科普展览功能与价值实现程度的重要工具。本研究通过梳理、分析中美两国科普展览评估的发展历程与制度要求等现状,对比发现:美国的科普展览评估兴起于20世纪初,经百年发展已形成系统规范、制度化、注重量化的三段式评估体系,对科普展览评估的要求业已制度化;中国到20世纪80年代才开始关注展览评估,二十余年来的观众研究和评估实践较为有限,尚未建立长效的展览评估机制。两国的科普展览评估实践在类型、主体、内容、方法等方面也存在较大差异。
評估是檢驗科普展覽功能與價值實現程度的重要工具。本研究通過梳理、分析中美兩國科普展覽評估的髮展歷程與製度要求等現狀,對比髮現:美國的科普展覽評估興起于20世紀初,經百年髮展已形成繫統規範、製度化、註重量化的三段式評估體繫,對科普展覽評估的要求業已製度化;中國到20世紀80年代纔開始關註展覽評估,二十餘年來的觀衆研究和評估實踐較為有限,尚未建立長效的展覽評估機製。兩國的科普展覽評估實踐在類型、主體、內容、方法等方麵也存在較大差異。
평고시검험과보전람공능여개치실현정도적중요공구。본연구통과소리、분석중미량국과보전람평고적발전역정여제도요구등현상,대비발현:미국적과보전람평고흥기우20세기초,경백년발전이형성계통규범、제도화、주중양화적삼단식평고체계,대과보전람평고적요구업이제도화;중국도20세기80년대재개시관주전람평고,이십여년래적관음연구화평고실천교위유한,상미건립장효적전람평고궤제。량국적과보전람평고실천재류형、주체、내용、방법등방면야존재교대차이。
Evaluation plays an important role in measuring science & technology exhibitions’ function and value. After analyzing and comparing the development course and current situation of evaluation of science&technology exhibitions both in America and China,some differences have been found. Firstly,evaluation of science&technology exhibitions in America emerged in the beginning of the 20th century, and has formed a quantitative-focused evaluation system including front-end, formative, remedial, and summative evaluation so far. While Chinese researchers had not paid attention to the evaluation of science &technology exhibition until the 1980s,thus carrying out visitor studies and evaluation practices far less than American works. Secondly, there are institutional demands of evaluation for government-funded science &technology exhibitions, yet Chinese government has no such requirements. Thirdly, evaluation practices of science &technology exhibition in America and China vary in type,evaluator,content and tools.