CAJ | 학술논문

认识因素是犯罪故意的重要组成部分之一，我国刑法将其表述为“明知”。我国刑法理论对“明知”问题存在着认识分歧，从而影响了司法实践中对犯罪故意的正确认定和把握。通过研究分析可以发现，在“明知”的含义问题上，“明知”是行为人本身对相关事实的一种认识，包含了“确实知道”和“可能知道”，而不包含“应当知道”。另外，“明知”和“已经预见”在认识程度和认识内容上均存在着不同。在“明知”的内容问题上，“明知”包括对构成要件事实的认识和危害性的认识。在刑法总则“明知”和刑法分则“明知”的关系问题上，两个“明知”并不是对立的，而是相互依存的统一术语。
인식인소시범죄고의적중요조성부분지일，아국형법장기표술위“명지”。아국형법이론대“명지”문제존재착인식분기，종이영향료사법실천중대범죄고의적정학인정화파악。통과연구분석가이발현，재“명지”적함의문제상，“명지”시행위인본신대상관사실적일충인식，포함료“학실지도”화“가능지도”，이불포함“응당지도”。령외，“명지”화“이경예견”재인식정도화인식내용상균존재착불동。재“명지”적내용문제상，“명지”포괄대구성요건사실적인식화위해성적인식。재형법총칙“명지”화형법분칙“명지”적관계문제상，량개“명지”병불시대립적，이시상호의존적통일술어。
Cognitive factor, one of the most important components in the criminal intention, refers to“knowledge” in criminal law in our country.In our country’ s criminal law theory, there exist different o-pinions in“knowledge”, and this directly affects the correct cognition of criminal intention in the judicial practice.According to analysis and research,“knowledge” is a kind of cognition which contains“know for certain” and “may know”, and it does not contain “should know”.In addition, “knowledge” and“already known” exist differences in the extent and content of knowledge.In terms of content of“knowl-edge”, it includes understanding of constitutive elements and understanding of harmfulness.The“knowl-edge” in general provision of criminal law and the“knowledge” in specific provision of criminal law are not opposite, and they are concordant with each other.