CAJ | 학술논문

为研究饲粮补充纤维分解酶与异丁酸及其混合物对断奶前后犊牛瘤胃液酶活力和纤维分解菌菌群的影响,试验选取30日龄体重[(48.5±0.3) kg]近似、发育正常的荷斯坦犊牛36头,随机分为4组,60日龄断奶,对照组哺乳/饲喂犊牛料+苜蓿干草,纤维分解酶组( FE组)、异丁酸组( IB组)和复配组( IBFE组)分别补饲纤维分解酶1.83 g/d(包含滤纸酶活力160 U和木聚糖酶酶活力4 000 U)、异丁酸( 99%) 6 g/d和二者混合物,并于45、90日龄在晨饲前采集瘤胃液,测定瘤胃发酵指标、酶活力和纤维分解菌的量. 结果表明:45和90日龄与对照组相比,试验组总挥发性脂肪酸、丙酸、乙酸浓度显著提高( P<0.05);IB和IBFE组氨态氮浓度显著降低( P<0.05);FE、IB及IBFE 3组均显著增加犊牛瘤胃液羧甲基纤维素酶、滤纸酶、纤维二糖酶及木聚糖酶的活力( P<0.05) ,IBFE较其他组增幅最大;FE、IB及IBFE 3组均显著提高了犊牛瘤胃液产琥珀酸丝状杆菌、白色瘤胃球菌、黄色瘤胃球菌及溶纤维丁酸弧菌的量(P<0.05),IBFE组增幅最大. 综合以上结果分析,6 g/d异丁酸与1.83 g/d纤维分解酶对瘤胃发酵有促进作用,二者混合添加效果更好.
위연구사량보충섬유분해매여이정산급기혼합물대단내전후독우류위액매활력화섬유분해균균군적영향,시험선취30일령체중[(48.5±0.3) kg]근사、발육정상적하사탄독우36두,수궤분위4조,60일령단내,대조조포유/사위독우료+목숙간초,섬유분해매조( FE조)、이정산조( IB조)화복배조( IBFE조)분별보사섬유분해매1.83 g/d(포함려지매활력160 U화목취당매매활력4 000 U)、이정산( 99%) 6 g/d화이자혼합물,병우45、90일령재신사전채집류위액,측정류위발효지표、매활력화섬유분해균적량. 결과표명:45화90일령여대조조상비,시험조총휘발성지방산、병산、을산농도현저제고( P<0.05);IB화IBFE조안태담농도현저강저( P<0.05);FE、IB급IBFE 3조균현저증가독우류위액최갑기섬유소매、려지매、섬유이당매급목취당매적활력( P<0.05) ,IBFE교기타조증폭최대;FE、IB급IBFE 3조균현저제고료독우류위액산호박산사상간균、백색류위구균、황색류위구균급용섬유정산호균적량(P<0.05),IBFE조증폭최대. 종합이상결과분석,6 g/d이정산여1.83 g/d섬유분해매대류위발효유촉진작용,이자혼합첨가효과경호.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary fibrolytic enzymes and isobutyrate supplementation on enzyme activities and cellulolytic bacteria flora in pre- and post-weaning calves. Thirty-six healthy Holstein male calves with 30 days of age and similar body weight [(48.5±0.3) kg] were selected and allocated randomly to four groups. All calves were weaned at 60 days of age. Calves in control group were fed milk/diet for calves+dried alfalfa hay, and those in experimental groups were supplemented with fibrolytic en-zymes (160 U filter paper enzyme and 4 000 U xylanase, 1.83 g/d, FE group), isobutyrate (99%, 6 g/d, IB group) and their mixture ( IBFE group) , respectively. Rumen fluid was collected in the morning before feeding at 45 and 90 days of age for determining rumen fermentation indices, enzyme activities and cellulolytic bacteria amount. The results showed that at 45 and 90 days of age, compared with control group, the concen-trations of total volatile fatty acid, propionic acid and acetic acid in experimental groups were significantly in-creased (P<0.05); the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in IB and IBFE groups was significantly reduced ( P<0.05); the activities of carboxymethyl cellulase, xylanase, filter paper enzyme and cellobiase in experi-mental groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the increasing extends were the highest in IBFE group; the amount of F. Succinogenes, R. albus, R. flavefaciens and B. fibrisolvens in experimental groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the increasing extend was the highest in IBFE group. Base on a-bove results, 6 g/d isobutyric acid and 1.83 g/d fibrolytic enzymes have promoting effects on rumen fermenta-tion, and the better is their combination.