CAJ | 학술논문

为探讨鸡肉粉或猪肉粉部分替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、饲料利用及血清生化指标的影响,进行了为期 8 周的生长试验. 试验设计了 7 种等氮等脂的饲料(粗蛋白质含量40.0%、粗脂肪含量8.0%) ,其中以含30%红鱼粉的饲料为对照,鸡肉粉或猪肉粉替代鱼粉的比例分别为25%(分别标记为P25和M25)、50%(分别标记为P50和M50)、75%(分别标记为P75和M75). 以初始体重为3.40 g左右的凡纳滨对虾840尾,随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾. 结果表明:与对照组相比,P25组和P50组的增重率和特定生长率无显著差异( P>0.05),P75组的增重率和特定生长率则显著降低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,M25组的增重率和特定生长率无显著差异(P>0.05),M50 组和 M75 组的增重率和特定生长率则显著降低(P<0.05). 鸡肉粉或猪肉粉替代不同比例的鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾的成活率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率和肝体比均无显著影响( P>0.05). 凡纳滨对虾全虾水分、粗灰分和粗蛋白质含量各组间无显著差异(P>0.05);对照组全虾粗脂肪含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05). 鸡肉粉或猪肉粉替代不同比例的鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾血清高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇、总蛋白、葡萄糖、甘油三酯和白蛋白含量均无显著影响( P>0.05). 由此得出,以增重率为指标,凡纳滨对虾饲料中鸡肉粉和猪肉粉对鱼粉的替代比例分别以不超过50%和25%(即饲料中鸡肉粉和猪肉粉的添加量分别不超过16.12%和8.09%)为宜,且凡纳滨对虾对鸡肉粉的利用率高于猪肉粉.
위탐토계육분혹저육분부분체대어분대범납빈대하생장성능、사료이용급혈청생화지표적영향,진행료위기 8 주적생장시험. 시험설계료 7 충등담등지적사료(조단백질함량40.0%、조지방함량8.0%) ,기중이함30%홍어분적사료위대조,계육분혹저육분체대어분적비례분별위25%(분별표기위P25화M25)、50%(분별표기위P50화M50)、75%(분별표기위P75화M75). 이초시체중위3.40 g좌우적범납빈대하840미,수궤분위7조,매조3개중복,매개중복40미. 결과표명:여대조조상비,P25조화P50조적증중솔화특정생장솔무현저차이( P>0.05),P75조적증중솔화특정생장솔칙현저강저(P<0.05);여대조조상비,M25조적증중솔화특정생장솔무현저차이(P>0.05),M50 조화 M75 조적증중솔화특정생장솔칙현저강저(P<0.05). 계육분혹저육분체대불동비례적어분대범납빈대하적성활솔、사료효솔、단백질효솔화간체비균무현저영향( P>0.05). 범납빈대하전하수분、조회분화조단백질함량각조간무현저차이(P>0.05);대조조전하조지방함량현저고우기타각조(P<0.05). 계육분혹저육분체대불동비례적어분대범납빈대하혈청고밀도지단백、저밀도지단백、총담고순、총단백、포도당、감유삼지화백단백함량균무현저영향( P>0.05). 유차득출,이증중솔위지표,범납빈대하사료중계육분화저육분대어분적체대비례분별이불초과50%화25%(즉사료중계육분화저육분적첨가량분별불초과16.12%화8.09%)위의,차범납빈대하대계육분적이용솔고우저육분.
An 8-week feeding trail was conducted to evaluate the effects of partial replacement of fish meal by poultry by-product meal ( PBM) or pork meat powder ( PMP) on growth performance, feed utilization and se-rum biochemical indexes of Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei) . Seven isonitrogenous and isolipidic practical diets (40. 0% crude protein and 8. 0% crude lipid) were formulated, and the diet contained 30%brown fish meal was used as control diet. PBM and PMP were used to replace 25% ( named P25 and M25, re-spectively) , 50% ( named P50 and M50, respectively) and 75% brown fish meal ( named P75 and M75, re-spectively) , respectively. A total of 840 Pacific white shrimp with an average initial body weight about 3.40 g were randomly allocated to 7 groups with 3 replicates per group and 40 shrimp per replicate. The results showed as follows: compared with control group, the weight gain rate ( WGR) and specific gain rete ( SGR) in P25 and P50 groups had no significant differences ( P>0.05) , but those in P75 group were significantly decreased (P<0.05); compared with control group, the WGR and SGR in M25 group had no significant differences (P>0.05), but those in M50 and M75 groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05). However, no signifi-cant differences in survival ratio ( SR) , feed efficiency ( FE) , protein efficiency ratio ( PER) and hepatopan-creas somatic index ( HSI) were observed among all groups ( P>0.05) . There were no significant differences in the contents of whole body moisture, crude protein and ash among all groups (P>0.05), but the whole body crude lipid content in control group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05). Mean-while, the contents of serum high density lipoprotein ( HDL) , low density lipoprotein ( LDL) , total protein ( TP); total cholesterol ( TC) , triglyceride ( TG) , total protein ( TP) , glucose ( GLU) and albumin ( ALB) were not significantly affected by the PBM or PMP to substitute different proportion of fish meal (P>0.05). These results demonstrate that less than 50% fish meal can be replaced by PBM and less than 25% fish meal can be replaced by PMP in the Pacific white shrimp diet (i.e., the PBM and PMP add no more than 16.12%and 8.09%, respectively) , and the utilization ratio of PBM for Pacific white shrimp is better than PMP.