CAJ | 학술논문

四元教学设计（4C/ID）模式认为，要实现综合学习需要借助学习任务、相关知能、支持程序和专项操练等因素。本文探讨了如何运用这一模式设计多媒体学习环境及相关的22条多媒体原则。“学习任务”这一成分的主要目的是通过归纳学习来建构图式。通过运用任务排序、身临实境、过程支持、适度变式、合作协同原则和任务补全等原则，多媒体可以给学习者提供更加充分的完成学习任务的机会。“相关知能”这一成分的主要目的是在工作记忆中进行精细加工并建构图式，其间，可以运用激活旧知、多种媒体、动态可视、控制冗余、连贯一致、自我解释和自定步调等原则加以促进。
사원교학설계（4C/ID）모식인위，요실현종합학습수요차조학습임무、상관지능、지지정서화전항조련등인소。본문탐토료여하운용저일모식설계다매체학습배경급상관적22조다매체원칙。“학습임무”저일성분적주요목적시통과귀납학습래건구도식。통과운용임무배서、신림실경、과정지지、괄도변식、합작협동원칙화임무보전등원칙，다매체가이급학습자제공경가충분적완성학습임무적궤회。“상관지능”저일성분적주요목적시재공작기억중진행정세가공병건구도식，기간，가이운용격활구지、다충매체、동태가시、공제용여、련관일치、자아해석화자정보조등원칙가이촉진。
The Four-Component Instructional Design Model claims that accomplishing complex learning requires an assistance from learning task,supportive information,procedural information and part-task practices.This article discusses the use of this model to design multimedia learning environments and twenty-two relevant multimedia principles.The main purpose of the "learning task" is to promote schema construction through inductive learning.By using principles such as sequencing,fidelity,training2wheels,variability,collaboration,completion-strategy and other principles, multimedia can provide learners more opportunities to complete learning tasks.The main purpose of the "supportive information" is to facilitate a process of elaboration to promote schema construction in the working memory by using principles such as prior knowledge activation,multimedia,dynamic visu alizations,redundancy,coherence,self-explanation and self-pacing.