粮食与油脂
糧食與油脂
양식여유지
Cereals & Oils
2015年
9期
53-57
,共5页
杜仲籽%杜仲籽仁油%品质%压榨%浸出%脂肪酸
杜仲籽%杜仲籽仁油%品質%壓榨%浸齣%脂肪痠
두중자%두중자인유%품질%압자%침출%지방산
eucommia ulmoides seed%eucommia ulmoides see d oil%quality%pressing%solvent-extraction%fatty acid
采集不同产地的杜仲籽进行剥壳和仁壳分离，对杜仲籽及杜仲籽仁的组成进行测定，并分别对杜仲籽仁进行压榨取油和浸出取油，对两种杜仲籽仁油的品质进行分析研究。结果表明，杜仲籽含仁43%左右，杜仲籽仁含油33%~39%；杜仲籽仁压榨油和浸出油的酸价、过氧化值均能达到一级油指标（参照同属于木本油料的油茶籽油国标）；压榨毛油为金黄色（Y35，R5），比浸出毛油（青绿色 Y35，R5.9，B7.0）的色泽好；不同产地杜仲籽仁油的脂肪酸组成相差不大，主要脂肪酸为α–亚麻酸（59.93%~63.17%）、油酸（15.87%~16.58%）、亚油酸（12.15%~13.75%）、棕榈酸（5.79%~6.75%）、硬脂酸（2.26%~2.32%）；杜仲籽仁油中维生素 E 含量768.6~828.8 mg/kg，γ生育酚和δ生育酚两种组分占维生素 E 总量的97%以上；浸出油中甾醇含量为0.44%~0.64%，明显高于压榨油中0.24%含量；浸出油中磷脂含量0.349%~0.689%，明显高于压榨油中0.008%的含量。
採集不同產地的杜仲籽進行剝殼和仁殼分離，對杜仲籽及杜仲籽仁的組成進行測定，併分彆對杜仲籽仁進行壓榨取油和浸齣取油，對兩種杜仲籽仁油的品質進行分析研究。結果錶明，杜仲籽含仁43%左右，杜仲籽仁含油33%~39%；杜仲籽仁壓榨油和浸齣油的痠價、過氧化值均能達到一級油指標（參照同屬于木本油料的油茶籽油國標）；壓榨毛油為金黃色（Y35，R5），比浸齣毛油（青綠色 Y35，R5.9，B7.0）的色澤好；不同產地杜仲籽仁油的脂肪痠組成相差不大，主要脂肪痠為α–亞痳痠（59.93%~63.17%）、油痠（15.87%~16.58%）、亞油痠（12.15%~13.75%）、棕櫚痠（5.79%~6.75%）、硬脂痠（2.26%~2.32%）；杜仲籽仁油中維生素 E 含量768.6~828.8 mg/kg，γ生育酚和δ生育酚兩種組分佔維生素 E 總量的97%以上；浸齣油中甾醇含量為0.44%~0.64%，明顯高于壓榨油中0.24%含量；浸齣油中燐脂含量0.349%~0.689%，明顯高于壓榨油中0.008%的含量。
채집불동산지적두중자진행박각화인각분리，대두중자급두중자인적조성진행측정，병분별대두중자인진행압자취유화침출취유，대량충두중자인유적품질진행분석연구。결과표명，두중자함인43%좌우，두중자인함유33%~39%；두중자인압자유화침출유적산개、과양화치균능체도일급유지표（삼조동속우목본유료적유다자유국표）；압자모유위금황색（Y35，R5），비침출모유（청록색 Y35，R5.9，B7.0）적색택호；불동산지두중자인유적지방산조성상차불대，주요지방산위α–아마산（59.93%~63.17%）、유산（15.87%~16.58%）、아유산（12.15%~13.75%）、종려산（5.79%~6.75%）、경지산（2.26%~2.32%）；두중자인유중유생소 E 함량768.6~828.8 mg/kg，γ생육분화δ생육분량충조분점유생소 E 총량적97%이상；침출유중치순함량위0.44%~0.64%，명현고우압자유중0.24%함량；침출유중린지함량0.349%~0.689%，명현고우압자유중0.008%적함량。
Eucommia ulmoides seeds that were collected from different areas were peeled,then the composition of the eucommia ulmoides seeds and seed kernels were determined. Also,the qualities of oils that were both obtained from physical press and solvent extraction were analyzed and investigated. The results showed that the percent of eucommia kernel was about 43%,and the oil content of eucommia kernels was ranging from 33% to 39%. Acid values and peroxide values of eucommia seed kernel oils(both obtained from physical press and solvent extraction)could reach the standard of the first grade oil(refer to the National Standard of oil–tea camellia oil which is also belong to the woody oil). The color of the pressed oils was golden(Y=35,R=5),which was better than that of the solvent–extracted oils(blue–green with Y=35,R=5.9,B=7.0). The differences of the composition of fatty acid of eucommia ulmoides seeds oils that were gained from different areas were quite unconspicuous. The main contents of fatty acids were α–linolenic acid(59.93%~63.17%),oleic acid(15.87%~16.58%), linoleic acid(12.15%~13.75%),palmitic acid(5.79%~6.75%),stearic acid(2.26%~2.32%). The amounts of vitamin E of the eucommia seed kernel oils were ranging from 768.6 mg/kg to 828.8 mg/kg,and γ– and δ– tocopherols were accounted more than 97%. Sterol contents of the solvent–extracted oils were ranging from 0.44% to 0.64%,which was higher than that of the pressed oils (0.24%). Phospholipid contents of solvent–extracted oils(0.349%~0.689%)were also higher than that of pressed oils(0.008%)significantly.
