CAJ | 학술논문

【目的】筛选对油茶象幼虫具有高致病力的绿僵菌菌株，为防治油茶象幼虫提供高效的生防菌。【方法】在测定7个金龟子绿僵菌菌株的生长速度和产孢量的基础上，采用浸渍法和孢子拌土法对油茶象幼虫进行致病力测定，并以土表喷菌液的方式进一步研究优良菌株对土壤中油茶象幼虫的感染效果。【结果】FJMa201101和FJMa201205两个菌株产孢量最高；不同绿僵菌菌株对油茶象幼虫均有一定的致病力，107孢子·mL －1的孢悬液浸渍法接种后第13天和105孢子·g －1土的孢子拌土法接种后第9天，油茶象幼虫的死亡率均达到100%，LT50分别在1.65～4.26天和1.96～3.51天之间； FJMa201101和 FJMa201205两个菌株对油茶象幼虫的致病力最强。FJMa201101菌株浸渍法接种 LT50为1.65天，感染率为86.6%；孢子拌土法 LT50为2.11天，感染率为94.5%。FJMa201205菌株浸渍法接种 LT50为1.71天，感染率为91.1%；孢子拌土法 LT50为1.96天，感染率为88.9%。林间土表喷菌液的方式，FJMa201101和FJMa201205两个菌株之间的感染效果差异不显著，但先喷菌再引入试虫较引入试虫后再喷菌的感染效果更好。【结论】FJMa201101和 FJMa201205两个金龟子绿僵菌菌株可以作为防治油茶象幼虫的优良菌株在生产上应用。
【목적】사선대유다상유충구유고치병력적록강균균주，위방치유다상유충제공고효적생방균。【방법】재측정7개금구자록강균균주적생장속도화산포량적기출상，채용침지법화포자반토법대유다상유충진행치병력측정，병이토표분균액적방식진일보연구우량균주대토양중유다상유충적감염효과。【결과】FJMa201101화FJMa201205량개균주산포량최고；불동록강균균주대유다상유충균유일정적치병력，107포자·mL －1적포현액침지법접충후제13천화105포자·g －1토적포자반토법접충후제9천，유다상유충적사망솔균체도100%，LT50분별재1.65～4.26천화1.96～3.51천지간； FJMa201101화 FJMa201205량개균주대유다상유충적치병력최강。FJMa201101균주침지법접충 LT50위1.65천，감염솔위86.6%；포자반토법 LT50위2.11천，감염솔위94.5%。FJMa201205균주침지법접충 LT50위1.71천，감염솔위91.1%；포자반토법 LT50위1.96천，감염솔위88.9%。림간토표분균액적방식，FJMa201101화FJMa201205량개균주지간적감염효과차이불현저，단선분균재인입시충교인입시충후재분균적감염효과경호。【결론】FJMa201101화 FJMa201205량개금구자록강균균주가이작위방치유다상유충적우량균주재생산상응용。
Objective]Curculio chinensis ( Coleoptera: Curculionidae ) is one of the most serious pests of oil-tea Camellia fruits. Screening of Metarhizium anisopliae strains with high virulence against this pest is important for using fungi as biocontrol agent to suppress this pest.[Method]Colony growth and sporulation of 7 strains of M. anisopliae were measured and their virulence against C. chinensis larvae were investigated in laboratory by using two inoculating methods ( Being dipped on larvae with conidia suspension of 107 spores·mL -1 and being mixed in soil with 105 spores·g -1 ) . The infection effects in field were evaluated through spraying conidia suspension of two superior strains. [Result]Bioassay results showed that larvae of C. chinensis were susceptible to different M. anisopliae strains. The larval mortalities reached 100% on the 13 th day after inoculation using dipping inoculative method and the 9 th day for conidia-soil mixing inoculative method. The median lethal time ( LT50 ) of dipping inoculative method was 1. 65 days to 4. 26 days,and that of conidia-soil mixing inoculative method was 1. 96 days to 3. 51 days. The FJMa201101 and FJMa201205 strains of M. anisopliae were the most virulent against larvae of C. chinensis. When larvae inoculated with FJMa201101,the LT50 was 1. 65 days,and the infection rate was 86. 6% when using dipping inoculative method,while the LT50 was 2. 11 days and the infection rate was 94. 5% respectively for conidia-soil mixing inoculative method. When inoculated with FJMa201205,the LT50 was 1. 71 days with the infection rate of 91. 1% by using dipping inoculative method,whilst it was 1. 96 days with the infection rate of 88. 9% with conidia-soil mixing inoculative method. In field test,there was no significant difference in infection rate between the two superior strains,but the infection rates of larvae introduced to soil after spraying conidia suspension were significantly higher than those introduced before spraying. Meanwhile,the two strains were excellent at growth performance. [Conclusion]Therefore,the two strains of M. anisopliae,FJMa201101 and FJMa201205,could be the promising candidate in controlling C. chinensis larvae.