林业科学
林業科學
임업과학
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
2015年
8期
8-15
,共8页
段剑%王凌云%杨洁%喻驰方%万佳蕾%刘忠
段劍%王凌雲%楊潔%喻馳方%萬佳蕾%劉忠
단검%왕릉운%양길%유치방%만가뢰%류충
根际土壤%化学成分%马尾松%枫香%气相色谱 -质谱
根際土壤%化學成分%馬尾鬆%楓香%氣相色譜 -質譜
근제토양%화학성분%마미송%풍향%기상색보 -질보
rhizospheric soil%chemical constituents%Pinus massoniana%Liquidambar formosana%gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer
【目的】探明马尾松和枫香根际土壤浸提物的化学成分及其含量差异，以期阐述2种林木根际土壤浸提物的化感作用机制，为进一步化学生态学研究提供基础数据。【方法】选择立地条件一致的马尾松纯林和枫香—木荷混交林，以马尾松和枫香单木为研究对象，采集其根际土壤，采用乙醇、乙酸乙酯提取分离和气相色谱－质谱( GC-MS)物质鉴定等技术，研究不同浸提方法2种林木根际土壤浸提物的化学成分及其含量差异。【结果】马尾松根际土壤的乙醇、乙酸乙酯浸提物分别检测出109和56种组分，其中相对含量大于2%的组分分别有6和14种，都以脱氢松香酸的相对含量最高，分别为28.98%和20.36%，2种浸提物均检测出脱氢松香酸和硬脂酸；枫香根际土壤的乙醇、乙酸乙酯浸提物分别检测出96和63种组分，其中相对含量大于2%的组分分别有8和9种，分别以硬脂酸和羽扇豆醇相对含量最高，分别为21.81%和19.01%，2种浸提物均检测出硬脂酸和2，4－二叔丁基苯酚；乙醇浸提方法下，2种林木根际土壤浸提物均检测出脱氢松香酸、硬脂酸和22，23－二氢－豆甾醇，马尾松以脱氢松香酸含量(28.98%)最高，枫香以硬脂酸含量(21.81%)最高；乙酸乙酯浸提方法下，2种林木根际土壤浸提物均检测出硬脂酸、棕榈酸、2，4－二叔丁基苯酚和 beta－扶桑甾醇氧化物，马尾松以脱氢松香酸含量(20.36%)最高，枫香以羽扇豆醇含量(19.01%)最高。【结论】2种林木根际土壤乙醇浸提物的有机物种类高于乙酸乙酯浸提物，从物质种类和数量角度考虑，采用乙醇浸提更为充分；2种林木根际土壤浸提物均以有机酸的相对含量最高，且马尾松含量显著高于枫香；马尾松根际土壤浸提物的主要化学成分为脱氢松香酸(二萜类树脂酸)、硬脂酸和棕榈酸，以脱氢松香酸相对含量最高，达28.98%，是枫香的7倍以上。
【目的】探明馬尾鬆和楓香根際土壤浸提物的化學成分及其含量差異，以期闡述2種林木根際土壤浸提物的化感作用機製，為進一步化學生態學研究提供基礎數據。【方法】選擇立地條件一緻的馬尾鬆純林和楓香—木荷混交林，以馬尾鬆和楓香單木為研究對象，採集其根際土壤，採用乙醇、乙痠乙酯提取分離和氣相色譜－質譜( GC-MS)物質鑒定等技術，研究不同浸提方法2種林木根際土壤浸提物的化學成分及其含量差異。【結果】馬尾鬆根際土壤的乙醇、乙痠乙酯浸提物分彆檢測齣109和56種組分，其中相對含量大于2%的組分分彆有6和14種，都以脫氫鬆香痠的相對含量最高，分彆為28.98%和20.36%，2種浸提物均檢測齣脫氫鬆香痠和硬脂痠；楓香根際土壤的乙醇、乙痠乙酯浸提物分彆檢測齣96和63種組分，其中相對含量大于2%的組分分彆有8和9種，分彆以硬脂痠和羽扇豆醇相對含量最高，分彆為21.81%和19.01%，2種浸提物均檢測齣硬脂痠和2，4－二叔丁基苯酚；乙醇浸提方法下，2種林木根際土壤浸提物均檢測齣脫氫鬆香痠、硬脂痠和22，23－二氫－豆甾醇，馬尾鬆以脫氫鬆香痠含量(28.98%)最高，楓香以硬脂痠含量(21.81%)最高；乙痠乙酯浸提方法下，2種林木根際土壤浸提物均檢測齣硬脂痠、棕櫚痠、2，4－二叔丁基苯酚和 beta－扶桑甾醇氧化物，馬尾鬆以脫氫鬆香痠含量(20.36%)最高，楓香以羽扇豆醇含量(19.01%)最高。【結論】2種林木根際土壤乙醇浸提物的有機物種類高于乙痠乙酯浸提物，從物質種類和數量角度攷慮，採用乙醇浸提更為充分；2種林木根際土壤浸提物均以有機痠的相對含量最高，且馬尾鬆含量顯著高于楓香；馬尾鬆根際土壤浸提物的主要化學成分為脫氫鬆香痠(二萜類樹脂痠)、硬脂痠和棕櫚痠，以脫氫鬆香痠相對含量最高，達28.98%，是楓香的7倍以上。
【목적】탐명마미송화풍향근제토양침제물적화학성분급기함량차이，이기천술2충림목근제토양침제물적화감작용궤제，위진일보화학생태학연구제공기출수거。【방법】선택입지조건일치적마미송순림화풍향—목하혼교림，이마미송화풍향단목위연구대상，채집기근제토양，채용을순、을산을지제취분리화기상색보－질보( GC-MS)물질감정등기술，연구불동침제방법2충림목근제토양침제물적화학성분급기함량차이。【결과】마미송근제토양적을순、을산을지침제물분별검측출109화56충조분，기중상대함량대우2%적조분분별유6화14충，도이탈경송향산적상대함량최고，분별위28.98%화20.36%，2충침제물균검측출탈경송향산화경지산；풍향근제토양적을순、을산을지침제물분별검측출96화63충조분，기중상대함량대우2%적조분분별유8화9충，분별이경지산화우선두순상대함량최고，분별위21.81%화19.01%，2충침제물균검측출경지산화2，4－이숙정기분분；을순침제방법하，2충림목근제토양침제물균검측출탈경송향산、경지산화22，23－이경－두치순，마미송이탈경송향산함량(28.98%)최고，풍향이경지산함량(21.81%)최고；을산을지침제방법하，2충림목근제토양침제물균검측출경지산、종려산、2，4－이숙정기분분화 beta－부상치순양화물，마미송이탈경송향산함량(20.36%)최고，풍향이우선두순함량(19.01%)최고。【결론】2충림목근제토양을순침제물적유궤물충류고우을산을지침제물，종물질충류화수량각도고필，채용을순침제경위충분；2충림목근제토양침제물균이유궤산적상대함량최고，차마미송함량현저고우풍향；마미송근제토양침제물적주요화학성분위탈경송향산(이첩류수지산)、경지산화종려산，이탈경송향산상대함량최고，체28.98%，시풍향적7배이상。
Objective]The differences of chemical constituents and content of rhizospheric soil extracts between Pinus massoniana and Liquidambar formosana were studied to understand the allelopathy mechanism of the species,and to provide basic data for further studies in chemical ecology of the species. [Method]Rhizospheric soil samples of P. massoniana and L. formosana were collected from pure forest of P. massoniana and mixed forest of L. formosana-Schima superba for extraction and separation of the chemical constituents using ethanol and ethylacetate. The chemical constituents of rhizospheric soils were analyzed by GC-MS, and their relative contents were determined by area normalization.[Result]In P. massoniana rhizospheric soil,109 compounds were identified from ethanol extraction with 6 compounds’ content > 2% ,and 56 compounds were identified from ethylacetate extraction with ,14 compounds’content >2%. The relative content of dehydroabitetic acid was the highest,accounting for 28. 98% of the ethanol extraction and 20. 36%of the ethylacetate extraction. The common organics of the two extractions from rhizospheric soil were dehydroabitetic acid and octadecanoic acid. Accordingly,96 and 63 compounds were identified from the ethanol and ethylacetate extraction of L. formosana rhizospheric soil,each with 8 and 9 compounds more than 2% in relative content. The relative content of octadecanoic acid and lupeol were the highest,accounting for 21. 81% of the ethanol extraction and 19. 01% of the ethylacetate extraction. The common organics of the two extractions from rhizospheric soil were octadecanoic acid and Phenol,2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl). Moreover,the common organics of ethanol extraction from P. massoniana and L. formosana rhizospheric soil were dehydroabitetic acid,octadecanoic acid and stigmasterol,22,23-dihydro. The relative contents of dehydroabitetic acid and octadecanoic acid were the highest, accounting for 29. 98% and 21. 81%, respectively. The common organics of ethylacetate extraction were octadecanoic acid,n-hexadecanoic acid,phenol,2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) and stigmast-4-en-3-one. The relative contents of dehydroabitetic acid and lupeol were the highest for P. massoniana and L. formaosana,accounting for 20. 36% and 19. 01% of the total compounds respectively.[Conclusion]The ethanol extraction of rhizospheric soil from the two tree species were higher than the ethylacetate extraction in terms of the number of chemicals constitutes. The contents of organic acids were the highest,and that from P. massoniana was significantly higher than that from L. formosana. The major components of P. massoniana rhizospheric soil extraction were dehydroabitetic acid,octadecanoic acid and hexadecanoic acid. Dehydroabitetic acid content was the highest,accounting for 28. 98% of the total of all chemical constituents,7 times higher in P. massoniana than in L. formosana.
